CO2浓度升高与硝化抑制剂对冬小麦田间N2O排放量的影响  

Effects of elevated CO_2 and nitrification inhibitors on N_2O emissions from a winter wheat cropping system

作　　者：李豫婷 林树基 韩雪[1] 冯永祥[1,2] 林而达[1] 李迎春[1] 陈曦 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院农学院,大庆163000 [3]Crop and Soil Science Section,Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences,The University of Melbourne,Victoria 3010 Australia [4]北京市平谷区气象局,北京101200

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第15期4762-4768,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD11B03);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)(2012CB955904);The University of Melbourne Early Career Research Grant Scheme 2014;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助项目

摘　　要：以冬小麦中麦175为供试品种,利用农田开放式CO_2浓度增高(FACE)系统,研究未来大气高CO_2浓度对冬小麦田间N_2O排放的影响,以及施用硝化抑制剂(2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶)是否可以起到抑制冬小麦田间N_2O的排放量升高的潜能。试验结果表明:CO_2浓度升高显著提高冬小麦田间N2O的排放增幅达到67.6%,追肥灌溉后小麦田N_2O排放量较大,随着冬小麦生育进程的推进N_2O的排放量逐渐减少,硝化抑制剂对中麦175田间N_2O排放量的影响并不明显。因此,在未来高CO_2浓度环境条件下,可以通过采取相应的耕作制度和栽培技术措施等来降低冬小麦田N_2O的排放量。试验结果对冬小麦田间是否选择施用2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶来控制N_2O的排放起到一定的参考作用。Nitrous oxide （N2O） is one of the most important greenhouse gases emitted from the fertilized agricultural soils. This agricultural greenhouse gas is produced through nitrification and denitrification processes. The possible factors affecting N2O emissions have been widely studied, including the timing and rate of irrigation and nitrogenous fertilizer application, and environmental soil conditions such as temperature, moisture content, and microbial activity. The response of N2 0 emissions to the application of nitrification inhibitors has also been investigated in the last few decades, particularly in the context of climate change mitigation. More recent studies have examined the effects of elevated CO2 on N2O in various agricultural contexts, including a variety of cropping systems. However, there are currently no available reports on thepotential effects of the interaction between elevated CO2 and the nitrification inhibitors on N2O emissions from a winter wheat field under open-air conditions. We therefore measured N2O flux using closed chambers at the Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment （FACE） experimental facility in northern China. The target atmospheric CO2 concentrations were 400 μL/L （ambient） and 550 μL/L（elevated） for treatments with and without the application of a nitrification inhibitor （Nitrapyrin）. Nitrapyrin was applied twice （24% N-serve, 10 mg/kg soil） during the growing season--on day 1 and day 30 after fertilizer application. Measurements （0, 20, and 40 min after chamber closure） were taken from the start of the elongation stage until harvest （Triticum aestivum L. cv. Zhongmai 175 ）. Measurements were taken daily for a week after each nitrapyrin application, and on a weekly basis from the application of nitrapyrin until harvest. The results showed that： 1 ） from the elongation stage to harvest, the elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration increased N2O emissions from the soil by 67.6% overall. Within a week of the first and second applications of the nitrif

关 键 词：FACE(开放式CO2浓度增高系统) 冬小麦 硝化抑制剂 N2O排放量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]