软岩隧道爆破振动研究  

Research on Blasting Vibration of Soft Rock Tunnel

作　　者：许江波[1] 晏长根[1] 包含[2] 常金源[3] 沙鹏[2] 伍法权[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安市710064 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京市100029 [3]绍兴文理学院土木工程学院,绍兴市312000

出　　处：《公路》2016年第8期222-228,共7页Highway

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目"典型地质灾害预测预报与防控方法";项目编号KZZD-EW-05-02

摘　　要：以兰渝线马家山深埋软岩隧道为研究背景,进行了隧道爆破开挖振动监测试验,对振动数据进行了归一化处理,得到了关于深埋软岩隧道的萨氏经验公式,为爆破开挖设计优化提供参考。在爆破振动速度研究中,得到深埋软岩隧道中,爆破振动速度最大水平径向分量大于最大垂直分量,而最大垂直分量又大于最大水平切向分量。同时,爆破振动速度随着距离的增加逐渐减弱。深埋软岩隧道开挖振动规律与断面尺寸、隧道埋深和软岩节理分布等有关。基于现场试验结果,建议在对深埋软岩隧道施工中,采用隧道常规监测与爆破振动监测相结合,同时增加围岩压力测试等选测项目,可以全面监控深埋软岩隧道开挖爆破振动规律,不断调整和优化爆破参数,降低爆破对软岩的损伤,有效提高爆破效果和施工效率。Taking the Majiashan deep soft rock tunnel on Lanzhou-Chongqing railway line as study object, the tunnel blasting vibration monitoring experiment is conducted. The vibration data are normalized, the Sodevrs empirical formula on the deep soft rock tunnel is obtained which can provide some reference value for the similar blasting design. In the deep soft rock tunnel blasting vibration velocity study, the maximum horizontal radial component is larger than the maximum vertical component, while the maximum vertical component is larger than the maximum vertical component is larger than the maximum horizontal tangential component. Meanwhile, the blasting vibration velocity is gradually weakened with the distance increasing. The deep soft rock tunnel blasting vibration law relate to the section size, tunnel depth and joint distribution and so on. Based on the field test results, it is recommended that routine monitoring and the tunnel blasting vibration monitoring should be combined in the deep soft rock tunnel construction, and in the meantime increase the rock pressure test. These measures can fully monitor the deep soft rock tunnel blasting vibration law, adjust and optimize the blasting parameters, and reduce soft rock damage, and effectively improve the blasting effectiveness and construction efficiency.

关 键 词：深埋软岩隧道 萨氏经验公式 爆破振动速度 现场爆破试验 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]