水稻土施用钢渣硅钙肥对土壤硅素形态和水稻生长的影响  

Effects of Application of Steel Slag-based Silicon Fertilizer on Chemical Forms of Soil Silicon and Rice Growth

作　　者：宁东峰[1] 刘战东[1] 肖俊夫[1] 刘祖贵[1] 赵犇[1] 秦安振[1] 南纪琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第8期42-46,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB03B02);国家自然科学基金项目(51509249)

摘　　要：钢渣是钢铁厂的副产品，富含硅、钙等养分，是优良的硅钙肥原料。但钢渣为强碱性物质，在稻田施用后对土壤pH值及硅素形态的影响需要阐明。2013年3-12月，通过早稻～晚稻连续2季钢渣硅钙肥温室盆栽试验，研究了钢渣施用对土壤pH值、土壤硅素形态以及水稻生长和植物硅素吸收的影响。结果表明，随着钢渣硅钙肥施用量的增加土壤pH值、土壤水溶性硅量、土壤有效硅量以及植株秸秆硅量均呈增加趋势，当土中施用钢渣有效Si0：用量高于1600mg／kg时（Si4和Si5处理），上述指标均显著高于CK。土壤无定形硅量随钢渣施用量的增加则表现出降低趋势，无定形硅量与有效硅量呈显著负相关关系。施入钢渣硅钙肥促进了水稻的生长发育，在2季水稻中。Si4和Si5处理秸秆＋叶片干物质量较CK提高了11．9％-17．0％，籽粒干物质量较CK提高了9．52％～20．6％。In this study, a consecutive early rice-late rice rotation pot experiment was conducted in the green- house of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences during March to December 2013. The objective of this experiment was to test the impacts of steel slag application on soil pH, different chemical forms of soil silicon and rice growth and silicon uptake. The results demonstrated that application of steel slag increased soil pH, soil water-soluble Si content, soil available Si content and Si concentration in rice straw compared with these items of control treatment. When application rate was higher or equal to 1 600 mg plant-available SiO2 per kilogram soil, these items were significantly higher than the control. In contrast, application of steel slag decreased soil amor- phous Si content. Soil available Si content extracted by 0.025 mol/L citric acid had significantly positive linear correction with silicon concentration in rice straw. While available Si content extracted by pH 4.0 acetic acid had no significantly correction with silicon concentration in rice straw. Application of steel slag significantly in- creased dry weight of stems ＋ leaves and grain yield compared with the control. In the two rice seasons, dry weight of stems＋leaves of Si4 and Si5 treatments increased by 11.9%~ 17.0%, dry weight of grain of Si4 and Si5 treatments increased by 9.52%~20.6% compared with CK.

关 键 词：钢渣硅钙肥:土壤pH值 土壤硅素形态:水稻生长 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]