论黄河小浪底水库拦沙后期的运用及水沙调控  

Studies on operation scheme and water-sediment regulation of Xiaolangdi reservoir

作　　者：陈建国 周文浩[2] 孙高虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室水利部水沙科学与江河治理重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2016年第4期1-8,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：水利公益性行业科研专项(201401002);国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFG72010)

摘　　要：小浪底水库是确保黄河下游防洪、减淤的关键性工程,2007年已进入拦沙后期。为了尽可能地延长水库的使用寿命和减少下游河道的淤积,以最大限度地发挥小浪底水库的作用,制定合理的水库运用方式是非常重要的。回顾了小浪底水库运用以来的贡献和新情况,评述了拟定的水库运用方式的研究成果,根据三门峡水库和黄河下游河道数十年来的冲淤变化的实践经验,提出了小浪底水库拦沙后期运用方式的原则和水沙调控的建议。The Xiaolangdi reservoir is a large hydro-project on the middle yellow river with the main tasks of flood control and deposition mitigation for the lower yellow river. The reservoir is being operated in the second stage of sediment retaining,and is planned to be operated in the scheme so called＂over years regulation of reservoir deposits ＂to prolong the life span of the reservoir. However,according to the experience from the Sanmenxia Reservoir,another large reservoir on the Yellow River,when the water level is sharply dropped down until the reservoir is empty,the strong retrogressive erosion would happen and large amount of eroded deposits would sluice and cause the tremendous siltation in the lower yellow river. Especially the retrogressive erosion together with the incoming hyper-concentrated flood,the siltation would be much more serious. A new operation model called ＂storing the clear（ low concentration） water in non-flood season and stunting the muddy（ concentrated） water in flood season＂was found,which can reduce the deposits both in the reservoir and in the lower yellow river. Suggestion to establish a water-sediment regulation system in the water shed is submitted to ensure the reservoir operated smoothly.

关 键 词：小浪底水库 水库淤积 水库运用 调水调沙 三门峡水库 溯源冲刷 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]