开封惠济河水系底泥重金属污染与潜在生态风险评价  

Assessment of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks of surface sediments of Huiji River System in Kaifeng,China

作　　者：王洪涛[1,2] 张俊华[1,2,3] 张天宁[3] 姜玉玲[1,3] 丁少峰[1,3] 郭廷忠[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学资源与环境研究所,开封475004 [2]黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心,开封475001 [3]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004

出　　处：《环境化学》2016年第8期1567-1577,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1404401;41101088);河南大学新兴交叉与特色学科培育项目(XXJC20140003);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(161RTSTHN012)资助~~

摘　　要：以惠济河水系开封段底泥为研究对象,沿河采集75个底泥样品,测定了样品中重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的含量,并采用富集系数法分析重金属富集污染程度和潜在生态风险指数法评价重金属的潜在生态风险.结果表明,惠济河开封段底泥Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn平均含量分别为24.51、67.86、290.65、28.46、115.34、1936.95 mg·kg^(-1),远高于我国潮土背景值.富集系数分析表明,底泥各重金属污染程度由高到低依次为:Cd(146.10)>Zn(19.62)>Cu(9.89)>Pb(3.83)>Cr(0.89)>Ni(0.88),其中Cd、Cu、Zn已显著富集污染,Cr、Ni无明显富集污染.生态风险评价结果表明,底泥各重金属平均潜在生态风险系数的大小顺序依次为:Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr,6种重金属综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)平均值为7259.21,属于很强生态风险,RI"很强"等级样点主要分布在黄汴河、化肥河、惠济河下游及马家河下游河段,镉是最主要的潜在生态风险因子.Seventy five surface sediment samples were collected from the Huiji River in Kaifeng, and the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured using standard methods. The enrichment degree of heavy metal pollution in sediment was calculated using the enrichment coefficient method, and the ecological risk of heavy metals was assessed by the potential ecological risk index method. Results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were 24.51, 67.86,290.65, 28.46, 115.34 and 1936.95 mg.kg-1, respectively, and the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were far higher than those of the fluvo-aquie soil in China. Enrichment coefficient analysis showed that the descending order of enrichment pollution degree of heavy metals was Cd （146.10）, Zn （19.62）, Cu （9.89）, Pb （3.83）, Cr （0.89）, Ni （0.88）, and Cd, Cu and Zn showed significant enrichment pollution, while Cr and Ni had no signifieant enrichment pollution. The potential ecological risk index indicated that the descending order of the average potential eeologieal risk of heavy metals in sediments of Huiji River was Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, and the average comprehensive potential ecological risk index （RI） value was 7259.21, which was a very high level. The very-hight risk sampling points were mainly loeated at Huangbian River, Huafei River, Lower Huiji River and Lower Majia River, and the main factor of potential ecological risks was attributed to cadmium.

关 键 词：开封市 惠济河 底泥 富集 潜在生态风险 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X522