知识供给的制度设计——以公共物品属性与交换模式的交互为视角  

On the Public Good Attribute of Intellectual Property

作　　者：曾凤辰 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2016年第8期56-64,共9页Intellectual Property

摘　　要：不可分性是公共物品的实质。受拥挤影响的相对效用需要控制消费规模以维持公共物品属性。公共物品在契约式与礼物式交换模式下所起的作用不同,制度设计也应有别。知识异质性的引入会修正、完善契约模式下的制度设计。契约模式避开偏好显示难题,却始终要面对复制技术制造的排他挑战。反对法定产权不可或缺的自生自发秩序理论由于没有考虑到信息悖论而使其说服力遭到削弱。知识产权的"垄断"成本不应包括租值消散。Non-divisibility is the essence of public good. Relative utility affected by congestion makes it necessary that the scale of consumption should be regulated in order to maintain its public good nature. The function of public good varies from contract-based exchange to gift-based exchange, making corresponding institutional design distinct. Introduction of the discrepancy of intellectual work will modify and improve the institutional design in the context of contract mode. Contract-based exchange avoids the dilemma of preference reveal, but confronts the challenge of exclusion caused by copying technologies all along. Degree of convincing for the argument against the inevitability of statutory by spontaneous order theory is weakened due to the overlook of information paradox. The cost of ＂monopolistic＂ intellectual property right should not take into account of rent dissipation.

关 键 词：知识供给 不可分性 相对效用 偏好显示 契约式/礼物式交换 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学]