白菜型油菜遗传物质渗入甘蓝型油菜的研究  

Studies on Introgression of Genetic Material from Brassica rapa into Brassica napus

作　　者：虎满林 余青兰[1] 尚国霞[1] 柳海东[1] 赵志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院青海省高原作物种质资源创新与利用重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2016年第5期1223-1229,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术‘948’项目(2014-Z58)资助

摘　　要：本研究以甘蓝型油菜＂青油14号＂（AACC,2n=38）为母本、白菜型油菜＂青海大黄油菜＂（AA,2n=20）为父本杂交,经连续自交三代获得F_4代44个新型甘蓝型油菜单株为供试材料。利用SSR分子标记技术对供试材料进行遗传物质渗入分析,结果显示：从油菜A基因组特异引物组合中筛选出55对特异性引物,新型甘蓝型油菜中大黄油菜遗传物质平均渗入率23.0%。青海大黄油菜的A组染色体A1-A10遗传物质在新型甘蓝型油菜渗入率在12.2%~32.5%之间不等,平均22.5%。选取42份新型甘蓝型油菜对其花粉育性进行检测,除203-1、203-2两个单株花粉败育外,其余40个单株花粉可染率介于27.4%~96.4%之间。新型甘蓝型油菜单株之间在形态方面存在明显的差异,根据叶型、株高、花期等可大致分为偏白菜型、偏甘蓝型油菜型,分别占43.2%和56.8%。通过甘白杂交,对新资源进行亲代遗传物质渗入以及花粉育性等相关研究,为甘蓝型油菜种质资源创新提供理论指导。44 novel B.nap us lines of F4 population originating from a inter-specific hybridization between female parent B. napus （qingyoul4, AACC, 2n=38） and male parent B. rapa （qinghai dahuang, AA, 2n=20） were assessed through SSR makers from A genome with an aim of analysing the genetic material introgression of A genome in novel B. napus. The results showed that the B. rape marker average introgression rate in the new type B. napus was 23.0%. Different Chromosomes （A1-A10） of the male parents have different the introgression rate, which was between 12.15%-32.53%, with an average of 22.47%; The pollen stainability of new type B. napus ranged from 27.39%-96.44%, in addition that no pollen was observed on the plant 203-1 and 203-2. Obvious morphological differences were observed among these new lines of B.napus, which could be clustered into B. rapa-like and B. napus-like two groups with the proportion of 43.2% and 56.8%, respectively, according to their leaf shape, plant height, and blooming time. The studies would provide theoretical direction for the germplasm innovation of B. napus through analysis of the genetic material introgression from B. rapa parent and pollen fertility following inter-specific hybridization between B. napus and B. rapa.

关 键 词：大黄油菜 新型甘蓝型油菜 遗传物质渗入 花粉育性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]