水下储油防污染及保温关键技术研究报告  

Key Technologies Research on Pollution Prevention and Thermal Insulation for Underwater Oil Storage

作　　者：徐松森[1] 初新杰[1] 丁忠军[2] 曹宇光[3] 杨树耕[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团胜利石油管理局 [2]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 [3]中国石油大学(华东) [4]天津大学

出　　处：《科技资讯》2016年第3期163-164,共2页Science & Technology Information

摘　　要：该研究是在该课题组前期研究基础上的深化研究。主要解决常规水下储油技术存在的累积污染和难以储存高凝点原油的问题,并逐步为工程应用奠定基础。该研究优化了油水隔离式水下储油模式、开发模式及其适应条件,深化研究了水下储油保温技术、防污染技术、监测预警与应急保护技术,开展了水下储油工艺流程、测控技术、施工技术的应用性研究,完成了一项浅海水下储油技术示例设计和1/5比尺的海上中间试验。该成果的技术核心是油水柔性隔离置换技术。常规油水置换原理是油水不相溶,自然形成油水界面,但仍会有少量原油随水外排。采用油水柔性隔离置换,避免油水直接接触,从而从根本上解决污染问题,实现正常作业零排放目标。该技术同时允许在油水界面设置保温层,解决保温问题。本技术安全性高,可有效避免雷击风险,极大降低油气呼吸损耗,降低风浪影响。该成果主要包括如下创新技术:(1)水下储油生产模式,包括两种浅海生产模式和一种深水生产模式;(2)无污染油水置换水下储油技术,该技术通过试验验证了技术具备实施可行性;(3)油水置换界面活动式保温新技术,该技术经试验测试证明可行;(4)水下漏油应急收集与暂存成套技术。另外还研制温度场动态测试仪器一套,配套编制了测试与处理软件。该成果所述水下储油技术,具有与浮式生产系统、固定储罐平台相当的储油功能,适用生产规模范围广,既适于浅海边际油田采用,也适于新油田滚动勘探开发,具有重复利用等优点,与现有钻井、修井、采油、处理与输运技术能够良好结合,尤其适于边际油田开发,具有良好的推广应用前景。This study is the deepen research on our previous study. Mainly to solve the cumulative pollution problem of the conventional underwater oil storage technology and the difficulty to store high pour point crude oil. Furthermore, lay the foundation for engineering applications gradually. This study optimized the oil-water isolated underwater oil storage mode, development mode and its corresponding application conditions. Deepen the research on underwater oil storage insulation technology, anti pollution technology, monitoring and early warming and emergency protection technology. An applied research has been carried out on underwater oil storage technology process, measurement and control technology and construction technology. And the study has completed a sample design of shallow underwater oil storage technology and a 1,/5 scale test. The core technology of the result is oil--water flexible isolation replacement technology. Using the oil--water flexible isolation replacement technology can avoid oil and water contact directly, thus solve the pollution problem fundamentally, and realize the goal of zero emissions of normal operation. This technology also allows to set insulating layer on the oil--water interface, which solving the thermal insulation problem. This technology has the advantage of high safety, can avoid the risk of lightning strike effectively, and reduce breathing losses of oil and gas and storm affected greatly. The result mainly include the following innovations： （1） Underwater oil storage production mode, includes two shallow water and one deep water production mode; （2） Non--pollution oil--water displacement underwater oil storage technology, which proved practicable by experiments; （3） Adjustable oil--water displacement interface insulation technology, which proved practicable by experiments; （4） Underwater oil spilling emergency collection and keep in packaged technology. As mentioned in the result, the oil storage function of underwater oil storage technology is equivalent

关 键 词：水下储油 油水隔离 油水置换 

分 类 号：TE823[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]