西兰花茎叶腐解液对不同蔬菜幼苗的化感效应  

Allelopathy of Decomposed Exudates from Broccoli Stalk on Seedlings Growth of Different Vegetables

作　　者：张学鹏[1] 宁堂原[1] 张洁莹[1] 杨燕[1] 孙涛[1] 韩惠芳[1] 李增嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/农业部作物水分生理与抗旱种质改良作物重点实验室/山东省作物生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期481-486,共6页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201103001);科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B07);山东省科技发展计划(2014GNC111007)

摘　　要：针对蔬菜田长期连作障碍的普遍发生,采用生物测定的方法,研究西兰花(Broccoli)茎叶腐解液酸性、碱性、中性组分对西兰花和青刀豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)幼苗生长的化感作用,以及幼苗丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性变化,并对其进行GC–MS鉴定。结果表明:西兰花茎叶腐解液中性、酸性物质对幼苗生物量、根冠比和抗氧化酶活力的抑制作用和对植株MDA的累积作用显著,并随浓度升高抑制作用和累积作用越强;且腐解液各组分对西兰花化感抑制作用显著高于青刀豆。GC–MS鉴定检测到腐解液中性组分中所含化感物较为复杂,各组分中邻苯二甲酸酯类化感物所占比例均较高,2,2’-亚甲基双-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-甲基苯酚、苯甲酸也具有较强的化感作用。可见西兰花茎叶腐解液对西兰花和青刀豆幼苗生长均具有一定的化感抑制作用,但腐解液各组分对西兰花自身化感抑制作用要远大于青刀豆,因此西兰花不适合连作,生产上可以通过西兰花-青刀豆轮作栽培来减缓西兰花连作障碍。Long-term continuous cropping is ubiquitous phenomena in vegetable field. Allelopathy of decomposed exudatesfrom broccoli stalk on broccoli and bean seedlings growth was studied in this paper. The changes of MDA content andactivity of antioxidant enzymes in different levels of acidic, alkaline and neutral soluble broccoli stalk exudates wereinvestigated. The putative allelochemicals of the broccoli stalk extracts were identified by GC–MS. The result indicated thatneutral substances and acid substances extract of the decomposed broccoli stalk significantly inhibited the fresh weight ofstem and leaf and root–top ratio and the inhibition in the activity of SOD, POD and the accumulation of MDA was significant.What’s more, the higher the concentration of the extracts the stronger effect of the inhibition and accumulation. GC–MSanalysis results showed that a large number of components were detected from three different substances. Phthalate estersderivatives had greater relative contents, while the 2,2＇-methylenebis[6-（1,1-dimethylethyl）-4-ethyl-Phenol and Benzoic acidhad a strong allelopathy. So the decomposed exudates from broccoli stalk has certain inhibition on broccoli and bean seedlinggrowth, while inhibition of extract on broccoli was more rapid than bean. Therefore the broccoli is not suitable for continuouscropping and we could match with the rotation cultivation measures to slow continuous cropping obstacle of broccoli.

关 键 词：西兰花 腐解液 化感作用 GC–MS检测 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]