含油城市生活污水的处理  

Treatment of Oil Urban Sewage

作　　者：周丹妮[1] 张安龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工与能源学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《环境科技》2016年第4期26-30,34,共6页Environmental Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西科技大学研究生创新基金

摘　　要：针对城市污水处理厂处理含油生活污水出现的活性污泥严重分层、漂浮、膨胀等异常现象导致的出水水质不达标问题,提出2种解决方法:第1种为常规处理技术,加入化学药剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM);第2种生物修复技术,加入生物药剂生物促生剂(BE)与生物解毒剂(MT)处理,对比实验前后水质特点和污泥的健康状态的改变。结果表明,使用COD_(Cr)去除率、氨氮去除率以及BOD_5变化曲线3个指标来衡量不同处理技术的处理效果,结果一致,均为BE+MT>PAC+PAM>未添加药剂处理。而对于总油的去除,BE+MT的效果稍差于PAC+PAM。镜检中发现,相对于未加药剂和添加PAC+PAM,添加BE+MT更能使得系统中微生物群落种类丰富,生长良好。而在水质毒性监测中,水质毒性大小为PAC+PAM>未加药剂处理>BE+MT。As the urban sewage treatment plant treated oil wastewater, abnormal phenomena, such as the severe hierarchical, floating, bulking, could resulted in water quality dissatisfaction. Generally, there were two solutions. The first traditional processing technology was adding polyaluminium chloride（PAC） and polyacrylamide（PAM） . The other one was using bioremediation technology adding bio-energizer （BE） and micatrol （MT） treatment and compare with water features and sludge changes in health status before and after the experiment. The results indicated that the order of effects on removing CODCr , ammonia nitrogen, BOD5 was BE＋MT, PAC＋PAM and No addictives. And the effect of BE＋MT on removing the total oil was slightly worse than PAC＋PAM. In the process of microscopy, adding BE＋MT makes the microbial community system more abundant and growing well. In the water toxicity monitoring, the water quality toxicity rank was PAC＋PAM, No addictives, BE＋MT.

关 键 词：城市含油生活污水 生物促生剂 生物解毒剂 聚合氯化铝 聚丙烯酰胺 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]