中、日、韩中间品出口的就业效应  

Employment Effects of China,Japan and Korea's Intermediate Goods Exports

作　　者：黄灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《首都经济贸易大学学报》2016年第5期66-76,共11页Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目"全球价值链与中国贸易竞争力研究"(71433002);首都经济贸易大学青年教师科研启动基金项目"全球价值链视角下我国对外贸易的经济效应研究"

摘　　要：伴随全球价值链的形成和深入发展,中间品贸易大幅增长,这对各国劳动力市场产生了深刻影响。采用世界投入产出数据库(WIOD)提供的多国投入产出数据,建立多地区投入产出模型(MRIO)测算并比较中日韩三国中间品出口的就业效应。研究发现,中间品出口的就业需求效应显示,中国创造就业需求最多,韩国需求增速最快;就业技能结构效应显示,日本就业技能结构效应在考察时段内保持平稳,韩国出现就业技能结构升级效应,中国的就业技能结构升级趋势在加入世界贸易组织后出现逆转;就业产业结构效应显示,日、韩均呈第一产业占比最低、第二产业占比下降、第三产业占比上升的特征,中国产业结构效应的特征与日韩显著差异化;就业效应的行业间比较显示,日本多个行业中就业需求出现了绝对数量下降,韩国中间品出口创造就业在多数行业尤其是服务业大幅提升,中国中间品出口创造就业占比在多数行业低于日韩水平,交通运输业是一个例外。With the formation and development of global value chain,intermediate goods trade increases a lot,which has a significant impact on labor market.Based on multi-region input-output data from WIOD database,this paper builds amulti-regional input-output model to analyze the effects of China,Korea and Japan＇s intermediate goods exports on employment.The results are as follows;intermediate goods exports effect on employment shows that China has the largest in employment demand while Korea has the highest growth rate;intermediate goods exports effect on skill structure of employment shows that Japan is steady,Korea has upgrading effects and China also had upgrading effects before entering WTO,while opposite effects showed after 2001;intermediate goods exports effect on industry structure of employment shows that Japan and Korea have the lowest ratio in first industry,decreasing ratio in second industry and increasing ratio in third industry,while China has a very different employment effect;the employment effect of intermediate goods exports by sector shows that Japan＇s employment de creases in many sectors,the ratio of employment from intermediate exports to total exports increases in most sectors in Korea especially in service sectors,this ratio in China is much lower in most sectors expect transportation sector.

关 键 词：中间品出口 就业效应 世界投入产出数据库 MRIO模型 

分 类 号：F753[经济管理—国际贸易]