基于复杂网络演化博弈的企业集群低碳技术创新扩散研究  

Research on low carbon technological innovation diffusion in enterprises clusters based on evolutionary game theory on complex networks

作　　者：徐莹莹[1] 綦良群[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第8期16-24,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"低碳经济背景下装备制造业企业行为演化与运营模式研究"(批准号:70473072);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目"低碳经济背景下黑龙江省装备制造业企业行为演化与运营模式研究"(批准号:G201119);黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目"低碳经济下黑龙江省制造业企业核心竞争力研究"(批准号:QC2014C083);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目"所有制结构对黑龙江省经济发展的影响研究"(批准号:GC13D102)

摘　　要：为了探究低碳经济情境下潜在技术创新采纳企业的微观决策互动机制涌现的企业集群宏观扩散现象,利用复杂网络演化博弈方法,将无标度网络视为扩散载体,通过建立市场机制和政府规制下潜在采纳企业的低碳技术创新采纳决策及扩散模型,运用Matlab软件仿真研究微观层面因素对宏观扩散的影响。研究表明:市场机制下只有当企业采纳低碳技术创新增加的收益大于投入时,网络才能演化至扩散深度为100%的稳定状态,实现企业集群内低碳技术创新的完全扩散;网络规模对扩散速度有显著影响,规模越大扩散速度越慢;实施碳税、投入补贴和惩罚措施三种规制手段均能有效提高低碳技术创新扩散深度;网络规模越大碳税的推动作用越显著,相反,规模越小的网络对补贴力度的敏感性越强,而不同规模的网络对罚款力度的敏感性无明显差异。研究对推进企业集群低碳技术创新扩散及政府部门的环境规制有一定的启示作用:第一,企业间的策略学习对企业集群低碳技术创新扩散有重要影响,在企业集群中应培养核心企业的低碳技术创新观念,使其作为"意见领袖"影响其它企业的低碳技术创新采纳策略;第二,政府作为低碳技术创新扩散的推动者及环境监管的权利部门应为采纳低碳技术创新的企业提供补贴、依据碳排放量收缴碳税及惩罚不实施低碳生产企业等规制措施;第三,政府部门应根据发展阶段把握规制方式和力度,初期以补贴措施为主,随着低碳技术创新扩散深度逐渐增大降低补贴力度,同时提高碳税税率,另惩罚措施应在推进低碳技术创新扩散全过程中广泛实施。Low-carbon technology innovation diffusion is an important way to develop low-carbon economy. In order to explore the emergence of low-carbon technological innovation diffusion by interactive mechanism of potential adoptive enterprises, it takes BA network as diffusion cartier and establishes potential adoptive enterprises＇ decision-making and low-carbon technological innovation diffusion models under market mechanisms and government regulation based on evolutionary game theory on networks. Then it studies on impact of micro factors on macro diffusion with Matlab simulation. Studies show that only when the additional income of low-carbon technological innovation adoption is more than input, the network can evolve to stable state of perfect diffusion. Network size has a significant effect on diffusion velocity, and the larger network size, the slower diffusion speed. Carbon tax, subsidies and punishment can improve the depth of low-carbon technological innovation diffusion effectively. The promoting function of carbon tax enhances as the increase of network scale. On the contrary, the smaller network, the more sensitive to subsidies, and there were no significant difference among sensitivities of networks with different scales to punishment. This research has certain enlightenment function on promoting low-carbon technology innovation diffusion in enterprises clusters and environmental regulation of government. First, because strategy studying among enterprises has a significant effect on low-carbon technology innovation diffusion in enterprises clusters, it is necessary to cultivate core enterprises concept of low-carbon technology innovation and make them to be opinion leaders to affect strategy selection of other enterprises. Second, as the facilitator of low-carbon technology innovation diffusion and environmental monitoring authority, the government should subsidise enterprises that adopt low-carbon technology innovation, tax enterprises based on carbon emission, and punish those who do not product in low-c

关 键 词：低碳技术创新 技术创新扩散 无标度网络 复杂网络演化博弈 企业集群 

分 类 号：F224.32[经济管理—国民经济]