2005年-2014年苏州市儿童肺炎支原体呼吸道感染流行及临床特征变化  

Changes in Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Mycoplasma Infection in Children in Suzhou During 2005-2014

作　　者：骆亚丽[1] 陈正荣[1] 张新星[1] 王淑会[1] 季伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院,江苏苏州215003

出　　处：《中国血液流变学杂志》2015年第4期480-485,496,共7页Chinese Journal of Hemorheology

基　　金：江苏省社会发展项目（BE2012652）

摘　　要：目的：了解2005年—2014年苏州地区儿童肺炎支原体（MP）呼吸道感染流行情况及临床特征变化趋势。方法对2005年11月—2014年12月6,174例苏州大学附属儿童医院MP呼吸道感染住院患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析，总结其流行特点及症状体征、影像学表现及肺内外并发症等临床特征。结果2005年11月—2014年12月MP感染总阳性率为32.04%（6,174/19,270），2009年、2013年两次流行高峰，阳性率分别为41.66%、39.53%。前五年（2006年—2010年）阳性率为31.65%，近四年（2011年—2014年）为32.55%，差异无统计学意义。春、夏、秋、冬MP阳性率分别为25.98%、37.76%、35.44%、28.95%；2009年夏季MP阳性率最高，为54.07%。男女阳性检出率之比为1：1.30。学龄儿童阳性率为61.51%，明显高于婴幼儿和学龄前儿童，2009年学龄儿童阳性率高达80.19%。2011年—2014年MP感染住院患儿胸片表现为大片实变、合并胸腔积液、肺不张病例明显多于前五年。近四年重症支原体肺炎发生率为13.15%，明显高于前五年的3.78%。结论苏州地区4年出现一次MP流行高峰,发病率无明显上升趋势,夏秋季为高发季节。近四年MP感染住院患儿肺内并发症发生率明显增加，重症支原体肺炎病例明显增多。Objective To reveal changes in epidemiology and clinical manifestations of Mycoplasma infection in children in Suzhou during 2005-2014.Methods Clinical data of 6,174 in-patients diagnosed with Mycoplasma infections from respiratory ward of our hospital from Nov.2005 to Dec.2014 were analyzed retrospectively to figure out the feature of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and signs, chest X-ray and other laboratory results.ResultsMycoplasma were identified in 32.04% of 19,270 specimens. Positive rates were highest in 2009 and 2013. The infection rate in the last four years was not signiifcantly longer than the previous five years. The positive rates in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 25.98%, 37.76%, 35.44%, 28.95%, respectively. The highest positive rate in summer, 2009 was 54.07%. The ratio of male to female was 1：1.30. The positive rate of school age children was 61.51%, which was significantly higher than that of infants and preschool children. In 2009, it was 80.19%. Chest X-ray showed a large consolidation, combined with cases of pleural effusion, atelectasis was signiifcantly increased. There was no difference in hospitalization time between nine years. In recent four years, the total duration of the disease was longer than that of the previous ifve years. Conclusion In Suzhou area, there was an epidemic peak in four years, the incidence rate was not signiifcantly increased, infection tended to occur in summer and autumn. The incidence of pulmonary complications in hospitalized children was signiifcantly increased, and severe Mycoplasma pneumonia was signiifcantly increased.

关 键 词：肺炎支原体 呼吸道感染 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]