超临界水冷堆可燃毒物设计与分析  

Design and Analysis of Burnable Poison for Supercritical Water Cooled Reactor

作　　者：赵传奇[1,2] 曹良志[1] 吴宏春[1] 郑友琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学核科学与技术学院,陕西西安710049 [2]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2016年第8期1433-1439,共7页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11305123)

摘　　要：在超临界水冷堆中,为了减少控制棒的使用,采用加入可燃毒物的方式控制初始剩余反应性。目前广泛采用的是稀土氧化物弥散在燃料中的整体型可燃毒物设计。通过对比4种常用的稀土氧化物,选择Er2O3作为可燃毒物材料。分析了不同可燃毒物布置方案对组件性能的影响,在不同可燃毒物含量下对组件安全性进行了评价。分析了可燃毒物对堆芯性能的影响,发现加入可燃毒物有利于降低堆芯径向功率峰,但会增大轴向功率峰并使其往堆芯顶部偏移。通过对该现象的分析,提出了降低堆芯底部温度和增大轴向富集度梯度的改进措施。计算结果表明,优化后的堆芯轴向功率峰明显降低,从而降低了最大包壳温度。In order to reduce the number of control rods,the burnable poison（BP）is used to control excess reactivity in supercritical water cooled reactor（SCWR）.Overall BP designs,the design in which rare-earth oxide mixes with fuel is widely used in SCWR.After comparing four kinds of rare-earth oxide,Er2O3 is chosen as BP.The effect of different BP loading patterns on assembly performance was analyzed.The safety of annular fuel assembly was estimated with different BP containments.Core performances with and without BP were compared.The results show that the core radial power peaking factor decreases by introducing BP.It is also shown that the core axial power peaking factor increases and the power peak moves towards the top of the core.The reason of this effect was studied.Two optimizations,decreasing the temperature of lower plenum and increasing the gradients of axial enrichments,were given based on this study.By applying these optimizations,the core axial power peaking factor and maximum cladding surface temperature decrease.

关 键 词：环形燃料 超临界水冷堆 可燃毒物 

分 类 号：TL429[核科学技术—核技术及应用]