毕节市北部岩溶地下水水化学特征及影响因素的多元统计分析  

The multivariate statistical analysis of chemical characteristics and influencing factors of karst groundwater in the northern part of Bijie City,Guizhou Province

作　　者：袁建飞[1] 邓国仕[1] 徐芬[2] 唐业旗[1] 李鹏岳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,四川成都610081 [2]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国地质》2016年第4期1446-1456,共11页Geology in China

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"乌蒙山片区1:5万海子街幅水文地质环境地质调查"(12120113052500)和"乌蒙山区(四川)水文地质环境地质调查"(12120114030301)联合资助~~

摘　　要：本文利用层次聚类分析和因子分析两种多元统计方法探讨了贵州省毕节市岩溶地下水水化学组分特征及影响因素。结果表明:研究区地下水组分浓度变化范围较大,具有明显的空间变异性,其受到地理因素、水岩作用过程、土壤等自然因素、人类活动的影响。这四个影响因素能够解释地下水水化学组分82%的特征,其中,水岩作用过程和人类活动是主要影响因素。地下水中HCO3-、SO42-、Ca2+和Mg2+主要来源于碳酸盐岩矿物的溶解,同时也受到人类采煤活动的影响;Cl-、K+、Na+和NO3-则主要受到人类活动,特别是农业化肥、粪肥、农药施用和生活污水排放等因素的影响。本研究有助于深化对西南岩溶地下水水化学特征的理解,有助于有效预测岩溶地下水污染物来源,且对岩溶区水资源的合理开发利用具有积极的指导意义。cteristics and influencing factors of karstgroundwater samples collected from northern Bijie City in October, 2013. The results indicated that, due to the influence ofgeographical factors, water-rock interaction, soil and natural processes and human activity, the karst groundwater exhibited spatialvariability, and there was significant variation in the chemical composition. Moreover, the essential hydrochemical characteristics（82%） and geochemical processes of groundwater can be explained by geographical factors, water-rock interaction, soil and naturalprocesses and human activity. Among them, the water-rock interaction and human activity were the crucial influence factors. TheHCO-3 , SO2-4 , Ca2＋ and Mg2＋ in groundwater mainly came from the dissolution of carbonate rocks, and the mining activity was anothersource. In addition, the factors of soil and water- rock interactions controlled the concentrations of Mg2 ＋ , HCO-3 and CO2. Theconcentrations of Cl-, K＋, Na＋ and NO-3 in groundwater were mainly influenced by human activities, including runoff of fertilizer andmanure, pesticide application and discharge of sewage. The results are instructive for understanding the hydrochemicalcharacteristics of karst groundwater in southwest China, and hence can improve local government’s management and utilization ofgroundwater

关 键 词：岩溶地下水 水化学特征 水岩作用 人类活动 多元统计分析 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]