叶面施氮对东北红豆杉幼苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of foliar nitrogen application on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Taxus cuspidata seedlings

作　　者：刘彤[1] 王琛[1] 徐璐[1] 周志强[2] 张玉红[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生态研究中心 [2]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2016年第8期64-70,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201344);国家林业局珍稀濒危物种野外救护与繁育管理项目

摘　　要：为探究氮素在东北红豆杉幼苗培育中的作用,以6年生东北红豆杉幼苗为试验材料,采用叶面施氮法研究尿素、硝酸钠和硫酸铵3种氮素形态在3个氮浓度(0.5、1.0、1.5 g/L)下幼苗的生长、叶片氮含量、叶绿素含量以及光合特性的差异。结果表明,施氮处理幼苗的生长量较对照组幼苗(CK)均有不同程度的提高,其中1 g/L尿素处理幼苗的效果最好,枝生长量比CK提高了39.1%,达极显著水平(P<0.01);叶片氮含量也都有所增加,1.5 g/L尿素处理幼苗的氮含量最高,比CK提高了20.0%(P<0.01)。在叶绿素含量上,1 g/L尿素处理幼苗的总叶绿素和叶绿素a含量比CK提高了20.5%和27.1%(P<0.01)。施氮后幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)、最大净光合速率(Pmax)、光饱合点(LSP)和表观量子效率(AQY)等光合指标也都好于CK(1.5 g/L硫酸铵除外),1 g/L尿素处理幼苗的Pmax比CK提高了62.0%(P<0.01)。从整体上看,幼苗总叶绿素含量和Pmax呈现出随幼苗叶片氮含量增加而增加的趋势,1 g/L尿素处理效果最好,硫酸铵和硝酸钠之间没有表现出显著差异。In order to find the growth responseto nitrogen fertilizing during the breeding of Taxus cuspidata,sixyear-old seedlings were taken as experimental materials to study the fertilizing effects of foliar nitrogen on growth,leaf nitrogen content,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics. The seedlings were treated with three nitrogen levels（ 0. 5,1. 0,1. 5 g / L） and three nitrogen forms,namely,urea,nitratenitrogen and ammonium nitrogen. The results showed that the growth of seedlings treated with nitrogen were better than the seedlings treated with water（ CK）,and the branch growth treated with 1 g / L urea was 39. 1% longer than that of CK（ P 〈 0. 01）. Leaf nitrogen content and chlorophyll content of all nitrogen treated seedlings increased obviously,the seedlings treated with 1. 5 g / L urea had the highest nitrogen content which was 20. 0% higher than CK（ P 〈 0. 01）,total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a content of the seedlings fertilized with 1 g / L urea were 20. 5% and 27. 1% higher than that of CK,respectively（ P 〈 0. 01）. The seedlings treated with nitrogen had better photosynthetic indexes than that of CK（ except for the seedlings treated with 1. 5 g / L ammonium sulfate） including the net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,the maximum net photosynthetic rate（ Pmax）,apparent quantum efficiency（ AQY） and lightsaturated point（ LSP）,and Pmaxof seedlings treated with 1 g / L urea was improved by 62. 0%（ P 〈0. 01） compared with CK. In general, total chlorophyll content and Pmaxof seedlings showed an increasing trend as leaf nitrogen content increased,1 g / L urea treatment had the best result,and there was no obvious difference between nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen treatment.

关 键 词：东北红豆杉 叶面施氮 生长 叶绿素含量 光合特性 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]