上流式厌氧氨氧化反应器氮负荷提升过程中的运行性状  

Operational characteristics of the upflow anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor with the increasing nitrogen load

作　　者：黄振兴[1,2,3] 李媛 任洪艳[1,2] 阮文权[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [2]江苏省厌氧生物技术重点实验室,江苏无锡214122 [3]江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,江苏苏州215009 [4]苏州首创嘉净环保科技股份有限公司,江苏苏州215126

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第4期319-325,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21276114;21506706);国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2014BAC25B01)

摘　　要：接种厌氧氨氧化(Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation,ANAMMOX)颗粒污泥至上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket,UASB),并控制进水NO_3^--N/NO_2^--N质量比为1∶1。在(33±1)℃下,通过研究不同进水总氮质量浓度(200 mg/L、400mg/L、600 mg/L)和水力停留时间(12 h、8 h、6 h、4 h)下的脱氮效能、污泥形态及微生物群落结构,多维分析上流式ANAMMOX反应器氮负荷提升过程中的运行性状。结果表明,在进水NO_3^--N和NO_2^--N质量浓度均为200 mg/L、总氮质量浓度为400 mg/L、水力停留时间为6h的运行工况下反应器可获得最佳处理效能,NO_3^--N、NO_2^--N和总氮去除负荷分别达到0.76 kg N/(m3·d)、0.75 kg N/(m3·d)和1.32kg N/(m3·d),三者去除率分别为95.0%、93.8%和82.5%。氮负荷提升过程中的污泥形态和微生物群落结构动态变化显示,相较于水力停留时间的缩短,进水总氮质量浓度增加对上流式ANAMMOX反应器运行过程的影响更为显著,其不仅导致了颗粒污泥解聚,还显著降低了微生物种群的多样性和均匀度。核酸测序结果表明,反应器中分布着3种潜在的ANAMMOX优势功能菌,且三者丰度会随进水总氮质量浓度增加而发生明显演替。研究表明,在上流式ANAMMOX反应器氮负荷提升过程中,进水总氮浓度的控制更为关键。The paper is to present operational characteristics of the up-flow anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor with the increasing nitrogen load. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ ANAMMOX） granular sludge is inoculated into an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket（ UASB） reactor,and the influent mass ratio of NH_4~＋-N to NO_2^--N is properly kept at about 1 to 1. Subsequently, multi-dimensional investigation have been done to clarify the nitrogen removing performance,the sludge morphology and microbial community structure under different influent total nitrogen concentrations（ 200 mg / L,400 mg / L,600 mg / L） and hydraulic retention times（ 12 h,8 h,6 h,4 h） at the temperature of（ 33 ± 1） ℃. The results reveal that the optimal operational performance of the up-flow ANAMMOX reactor can be acquired under 6 h HRT,with its total influent nitrogen concentration of400 mg / L including 200 mg / L NH_4~＋-N and 200 mg / L NO_2^--N,where the removal loads of NH_4~＋-N,NO_2^--N and total nitrogen can respectively reach 0. 76 kg N /（ m^3· d）, 0. 75 kg N /（ m^3·d） and 1. 32 kg N/（ m^3·d）,and their corresponding removal efficiencies are respectively 95. 0%,93. 8% and82. 5%. However,the removal load and efficiency of the total nitrogen remarkably reduce to 0. 9 kg N /（ m^3·d） and 25% when the total influent nitrogen load is further elevated to 3. 6kg N /（ m^3·d）,with the total influent nitrogen concentration of600 mg / L and HRT of 4 h. Moreover,the dynamic change of sludge morphology with the increasing nitrogen load suggests that the increase of the total influent nitrogen concentration should be the major reason for sludge desegregation. The proportion of the sludge with particle size larger than 3 mm exceeds 70% with the total influent nitrogen concentration kept at 200 mg / L,while the proportion of the sludge with particle size smaller than 1 mm increases significantly over 75% when the total influent nitrogen concentration increases to 600 mg / L. Further analysis of the successio

关 键 词：环境工程学 厌氧氨氧化 氮负荷 水力停留时间 微生物群落结构 污泥颗粒化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]