中国天然气储气调峰方式研究  

Research on natural gas storage and peak-shaving modes in China

作　　者：魏欢[1,2] 田静[1,2] 李波[3] 高永刚[3] 王影[1] 朱丽丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司油气地下储库工程重点实验室 [3]中国石油规划总院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2016年第8期145-150,共6页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：为有效缓解冬季供气紧张局面,保障天然气安全平稳供应,应统筹考虑地下储气库、LNG接收站、气田等多种调峰手段,提出适应中国国情的调峰方式及战略部署。为此,借鉴国外典型国家及地区的调峰经验,归纳出当前中国天然气调峰所面临的主要问题:(1)地下建库地质条件复杂,建设速度缓慢;(2)LNG接收站调峰方式抗风险能力较弱;(3)气田调峰不利于气田科学开发。针对不同地区天然气市场需求量、地质条件的差异,比较不同调峰方式的功能及成本,提出中国天然气调峰的布局方式:(1)东部沿海地区应充分利用低油价的时机,发挥已建储罐的周转能力弥补地下储气库调峰能力的不足,近期采取地下储气库与LNG调峰并重的策略,中远期调峰手段逐渐转向以地下储气库为主,LNG为辅;(2)在四大气区(塔里木、青海、西南、长庆)周边首先应充分利用已建地下储气库进行调峰,当地下储气库无法满足调峰需求时,可利用气田进行辅助调峰;(3)其他地区则应进一步寻找地下储气库建库目标,加快地下储气库建设,以地下储气库调峰为主,管网调配为辅。To effectively relieve the tense situation of winter gas supplies, and to ensure the safety of gas steady supply, decision-makers should overall consider many kinds of peak-shaving methods, such as UGS, LNG terminals, gas fields, etc. so as to propose the proper peak-shaving mode and strategic deployment which adapt to the present situation of China. Therefore, with the peak-shaving experiences from typical countries and regions as reference, some problems encountered by peak-shaving practices in China were summed up, includ- ing （1） UGS construction is rather slow because of the complicated geological conditions; （2） LNG receiving terminals have weak ability to resist risks in peak shaving; and （3） peak-shaving by gas production is not good for the reasonable development of a gas field. In view of natural gas market demand in different areas and the differences of geological conditions, and based on a comparison of functions and costs of different peak-shaving methods, an overall layout of natural gas peak shaving in China was put forward. （1） In those eastern coastal areas, with good timing of low oil prices, the existing tank turnover capacity should be taken good advantage of to compensate for the weak UGS peak-shaving ability. Peak-shaving by both UGS and LNG terminals should be regarded as an equally important means in the short term, and gradually this will turn to UGS as the dominant and LNG terminals as a complement in the long term. （2） In those areas around the four giant gas provinces, Tarim, Qinghai, Southwest China, and Changqing, UGS in operation should be the dominant peak-shaving way, but if this means fails to meet the demand, gas fields will be a supplement. （3） In the other areas, more sites will be selected to accelerate the UGS construction, upon which peak shaving will mainly rely apart from the assistance of the gas pipeline net- works.

关 键 词：中国 天然气 调峰方式 地下储气库 LNG接收站 气田调峰 需求 调峰成本 战略布局 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] TE822[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]