江淮区域持续性暴雨过程的水汽源地和输送特征  

The sources and transportation of water vapor in persistent heavy rainfall events in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley

作　　者：孙建华[1,2] 汪汇洁[1,3,4] 卫捷[1] 齐琳琳[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴实验室 [2]中国科学院大学 [3]95968部队气象台 [4]空军装备研究院航空气象防化研究所

出　　处：《气象学报》2016年第4期542-555,共14页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划项目(2012CB417201);国家自然科学基金项目(41375053)

摘　　要：采用HYSPLIT模式和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对中国江淮流域持续性暴雨过程(PHREs)的江南型和江北型过程的水汽源地、输送路径以及干空气路径进行分析。主要结果如下:江南型PHREs的干空气主要通过2条路径进入江淮地区,即源自地中海—欧洲平原的西北路径和来自蒙古高原的东北路径,而江北型PHREs干空气主要有1条路径,即西北路径。干空气是通过对流层中高层的槽脊活动和急流输送至江淮区域。江南型水汽主要由源自印度半岛以南的热带印度洋的西南路径和来自印度尼西亚与中国南海的偏南路径这2条路径输送到江淮流域。江北型的水汽路径有3条,前2条路径与江南型类似,且为主要水汽来源,还有来自西太平洋的东南路径水汽输送。江淮流域的持续性降雨过程中,来自南方的水汽输送主要受索马里越赤道急流、孟加拉湾南部和印度尼西亚群岛附近越赤道气流,以及受西太平洋副热带高压这些系统的影响。The HYSPLIT model and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data were used to analyze the sources and transportation of water vapor and dry air during periods of persistent heavy rainfall events （PHREs） over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley （YHRV）. Main results are as follows. There are two dry air invasion paths during PHREs to the south of the YHRV. One is the northwesterly path from Mediterranean-European plain, and the other one is northeasterly path from Mongolia plateau. But during PHREs in the north of the YHRV, the dry air invasion path is mainly from the northwesterly path. Dry air is transported to the YHRV through the activities of trough, ridge and jet on the middle-upper troposphere. There are two moisture transporta- tion paths in PHREs to the south of the YHRV. One is the southwesterly path originating from the tropical India Ocean, and the other one is the southerly path originating from Indonesia and the South China Sea. There are three moisture transportation paths during PHREs to the north of the YHRV. Two paths out of the three are similar to those to the south of YHRV during PHREs, and are the major water vapor transport paths. The third path is the southeasterly path from the western Pacific O- cean. During the PHREs of YHRV, the water vapor transport is controlled by the Somali cross-equatorial jet and cross-equatorial flow near the Bay of Bengal and Indonesian archipelago, and affected by the western Pacific subtropical high pressure.

关 键 词：持续性降雨过程 HYSPLIT模式 水汽源地 水汽输送 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]