世界优秀体操运动员鞍马动作的选择及编排  

Selection and Arrangement of Pommel Horse Movements of the World Elite Gymnastics Athletes

作　　者：周曰智[1] 蔡玉军[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院教务处,山东济南250102 [2]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2016年第7期139-144,共6页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：为深入分析世界优秀体操运动员鞍马动作的选择与编排情况,探寻鞍马动作的编排规律,为中国男子体操队提供科研服务,运用文献资料、观察、访谈等方法,分析了2009—2016年2个奥运会周期优秀运动员鞍马动作的选择与编排情况。研究表明:1)优秀运动员重点发展了交叉成倒立动作,动作编排呈现"立体化"发展的态势。2)全旋打滚360°的平稳发展、全旋起倒立和/或转体移位重点发展以及创新全旋打滚360°动作方法成为优秀运动员动作发展的特点。3)优秀运动员重视发展侧撑移位动作,并创新了该类动作的完成方法。4)优秀运动员对第Ⅳ组别动作的选择表现出直角转体动作的缓慢发展、挺身转体动作的稳定发展以及FLOPS及组合动作的重点发展的特点,并且运动员有通过单个高难度的FLOPS及组合动作来提高成套动作价值的趋向。5)优秀运动员成套动作编排呈现出"同类相聚""同位优先""繁前简后"和"控制过渡"的编排规律。In order to analyze the selection and arrangement of pommel horse movement of the world elite gymnastics athletes,explore the arrangement law,and provide research services for the Chinese men＇s gymnastics team,this study analyzed the selection and arrangement of pommel horse movement of the world elite gymnastics athletes in 2009-2016 by the methods of literature review,observation and interview. Results： 1） Elite athletes focused on the development of cross handstand,and their movement arrangement showed the trend of＂three dimensional＂development. 2） Steady development of＂flank circles with roll 360°＂,key development of Czech and magic travelling,innovation of ＂flank circles with roll 360°＂are the characteristics of movement development of elite athletes. 3） Elite athletes give priority to＂side support travelling＂movement,and make some new changes to finish it. 4） Group IV movement selection of elite athlete shows the features of slow development of ＂Kehr swings＂,steady development of ＂wendeswing＂and key development of FLOPS and combined with movements. Athletes have the trend of using single FLOPS with high difficulty or combined with movements to improve the value of routine. 5） The arrangement law of routine of elite athlete showes centralized layout,priority of the same position movements,first complex followed by simple movements,and transition control.

关 键 词：世界优秀运动员 男子体操 鞍马动作 编排规律 动作选择 

分 类 号：G832.8[文化科学—体育训练]