不同改良剂对皖南烟田土壤性状及烤烟产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on South Anhui Tobaccogrowing Soil and Flue-Cured Tobacco Yield and Quality

作　　者：朱克亚[1,2] 孙星[2] 程森[3] 张伟峰[3] 蔡宪杰[3] 唐宇[3] 孙平[3] 曹志洪[2] 刘勤[2] 赵耕毛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [3]上海烟草集团有限责任公司,上海200082

出　　处：《土壤》2016年第4期720-725,共6页Soils

基　　金：皖南烟稻优质高效生态安全的土肥综合技术研究与示范项目(CF56.1-ZJ1)资助

摘　　要：通过布置田间小区试验,研究了不同农林废弃物制成的5种改良剂对烟稻轮作土壤性状和烤烟生长发育、产量和烟叶品质的影响。不同改良剂施入土壤后,土壤体积质量较不施改良剂的对照处理显著下降,而田间持水量明显提高,表明烟田土壤物理性状得到明显改善。改良剂能明显促进不同生育期烟株的生长:烟株团棵期,改良剂X1处理叶片宽显著高于对照;旺长期,X1、X2、X5处理叶长显著大于对照,且X5处理叶面积显著大于对照;成熟期,X1、X2、X5处理上部叶和下部叶长显著高于对照。改良剂能增加烟叶产量,尤其是改良剂X3、X5,明显增加了上等烟和中等烟的产量。改良剂X1、X2、X3处理上等烟总分显著高于对照,即改良剂处理烤出的上等烟综合品质更优。A field plot experiment was conducted in order to study the effects of five kinds of soil amendments made from different agricultural and forest residues on soil properties under tobacco-rice rotation and on flue-cured tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that： all the soil amendments improved the physical characteristics of tobacco-planting soil by decreasing soil bulk density and increasing soil field capacity. Soil amendments obviously improved the growth of tobacco plants： In rosette stage leaf width of amendment X 1 was significantly larger than CK; in fast-growing stage, leaf lengths of amendment X 1, X2 and X5 were significantly larger than CK, leaf area of amendment X5 was significantly greater than CK; In mature stage, upper and lower leaf lengths of amendment X1, X2 and X5 were significantly higher than CK. Root weight had a significant correlation with flue-cured tobacco yield （r=0.907, P〈0.05）. Amendments, particularly X3 and X5 increased significantly tobacco yield compared to CK. Amendments increased the proportions of first-class and middle-class flue-cured tobacco compared to CK. Amendments improved the quality of tobacco leaf appearance, amendment X1, X2 and X3 significantly increased the total score of first-class flue-cured tobacco compared to CK. The above results provide the application prospect of the above soil amendments in south Anhui tobacco-planting soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤改良剂 烤烟 增产 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]