哈尔滨市3年级学生社交焦虑的6年追踪调查  

The six-year follow-up investigation of students' social anxiety in grade 3 in Harbin

作　　者：陈福丽[1] 苏淑阁 李洪杰[1] 辛志宇[1] 王忆军[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第8期809-812,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解哈尔滨市3年级学生社交焦虑随时间变化的特点,探究性别、独生、父母争吵对学生社交焦虑的影响。方法 2009年选取哈尔滨市4所小学的3年级学生(533人)完成问卷调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、社交焦虑量表。2011年、2013年、2015年依次采用同样的问卷对学生进行追踪调查。结果 2009年、2011年、2013年、2015年学生社交焦虑检出率分别为28.7%、18.6%、24.8%、27.9%,且差异有统计学意义(2=12.000,P=0.007)。在2009-2015年间,始终保持社交焦虑状态的有10人(2.8%)。2011、2013、2015年社交焦虑的新发生人数依次为33(13.0%)、58(20.1%)、53(19.9%),症状缓解人数依次为69(67.6%)、36(54.5%)、42(47.7%)。2009年、2015年父母争吵的子女社交焦虑检出率均高于正常家庭儿童(均有P<0.05)。此外,不同测量时间女生的社交焦虑得分差异有统计学意义(F=2.699,P=0.049),且女生社交焦虑得分高于男生(F=11.273,P=0.001);不同测量时间独生子女的社交焦虑得分有差异(F=3.820,P=0.012),且非独生子女的社交焦虑得分高于独生子女(F=4.269,P=0.040)。结论 6年间,学生社交焦虑在新发与缓解中不断发展变化,但仍有2.8%的学生始终保持社交焦虑状态。性别、独生、父母争吵均对社交焦虑的发展有一定的影响。Objective To understand the development of students＇ social anxiety in grade 3 during six years,and to explore the influence of various factors on students＇ social anxiety. Methods In 2009,533 students in Harbin of 4 primary school in grade 3 filled in the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included general situation,and the social anxiety scale for children（ SASC）. We conducted a questionnaire survey of these students for follow-up investigation using the same questionnaire in 2011,2013 and 2015. Results The detection rate of students＇ social anxiety of the four-time test was 28. 7%,18. 6%,24. 8% and 27. 9%,and there was significant difference in them（x^2= 12. 000,P = 0. 007）. In2009- 2015,the number of students always holding social anxiety was 10（2. 8%）. In 2011,2013,2015,the number of students newly occurring social anxiety was 33（ 13. 0%）,58（ 20. 1%） and 53（ 19. 9%）,and the number of students whose social anxiety disappeared was 69（ 67. 6%）,36（ 54. 5%） and 42（ 47. 7%）. In 2009 and 2015,the detection rate of students＇ social anxiety on parental quarrelling were higher than students in normal families（ all P〈0. 05）. In addition,there was difference in girls＇ social anxiety of different measuring time（ F = 2. 699,P = 0. 049）,and the girls＇ social anxiety was higher than boys＇（ F = 11. 273,P = 0. 001）. There was significant difference in singletons＇ social anxiety of different measuring time（ F = 3. 820,P = 0. 012）. Non-singletons＇ social anxiety was higher than singletons＇（ F = 4. 269,P = 0. 040）. Conclusions During the six years,development status of social anxiety was constantly emerging and remission,but there were still 2. 8% of the students keeping social anxiety state. Gender,singleton and parental quarrelling can affect the development of students＇ social anxiety.

关 键 词：焦虑 学生 接触者追踪 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学] R749.72[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]