包头市典型工业区表层土壤中重金属污染状况及其潜在生态风险研究  

Heavy Metal Pollution in Topsoil from the Baotou Industry Area and Its Potential Ecological Risk Evaluation

作　　者：孙鹏[1] 李艳伟[1] 张连科[1] 李玉梅[1] 王维大[1] 余维佳 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古自治区包头014010 [2]包头市辐射环境管理处,内蒙古自治区包头014010

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2016年第4期433-439,共7页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2015MS0408)

摘　　要：为了解包头市典型工业企业对其所在地土壤中重金属含量的影响及污染现状,利用相关性系数对其表层土壤中7种重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Mn、Ni)来源进行研究,并采用内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态危害指数对其污染状况进行评价。结果表明,7种重金属含量平均值均高于内蒙古土壤背景值,其中Cd、Mn、Ni超标率已达100%,而Cu、Pb、Zn的超标率分别为97%、93%和93%,只有Cr超标率较低(53%),污染程度依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Ni>Zn>Mn>Cr,其中Pb和Cd为重度污染,Cu、Zn、Ni为中度污染,Cr、Mn为轻度污染;Cu、Zn、Cr、Mn、Ni可能同时来自工业生产和交通运输两个源,而Pb和Cd除上述来源外,燃煤烟气的排放有较大贡献。潜在生态危害依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn>Mn,其中Cd的潜在生态风险最大,应予以高度重视,其他金属的风险均为轻微。In order to understand the effect of industrial pollution in the Baotou industrial areas on heavy metal content in soils, correlation analysis was used to study the source of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, and Ni. The heavy metal pollution in the soils was assessed using the methods of Nemerow index and Hakanson＇ s ecological risk index. The results show that the contents of these seven heavy metals are higher than the background values of soils in Inner Mongolia. The exceeding ratios of Cd, Mn, Ni contents in soil are 100% , and Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr were 97%, 93% , 93% , 53% , respectively. The pollution degree of single elements showed the order of Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Zn 〉 Mn 〉 Cr. Pb and Cd are strong pollution elements, whereas Cu, Zn, Ni are moderate pollution elements,Cr, Mn are minor pollution elements. The main sources of heavy metals （Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni） in soils of the industrial district were industrial pollutant discharge and transportation. Excluding the two sources mentioned previously, Pb and Cd are mainly attributed to the emissions of coal-fired flue gas. The potential ecological risk has the order of Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Cr 〉 Zn 〉 Mn. Among them, Cd is the most harmful heavy metal pollutant and should be addressed.

关 键 词：典型工业区 重金属 污染评价 来源分析 包头市 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]