脆弱性辨析与灾难形态的类型学划分——人类学灾难研究本土化的可能路径  

Vulnerability Discrimination and Typology Dividing of Disaster Form

作　　者：汤芸[1] 张原[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学,四川成都610041

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2016年第3期6-10,共5页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目<藏彝走廊自然灾害及其应对经验的人类学研究>(批准号:13XSH030);西南民族大学民族学学科建设项目(2016-xwd-s0304)阶段性成果

摘　　要：人类脆弱性的辨析是人类学开展灾难研究的关键基础,也是对灾难形态进行类型学划分的主要依据。通过梳理灾难人类学的问题意识演变和理论视野发展,本文指出当前人类学的灾难类型划分应基于脆弱性的辨析,结合对自然肇因与社会缘由、地方框架与世界格局、特殊事件与结构过程的关系考察来区分自然灾异型、社会灾变型与社会灾祸型这三种形态的灾难,从而更精准化地以地方性视角、过程论方法与整体性关照推进人类学的灾难研究,并获得研究本土化的一种可能路径。Vulnerability discrimination is the key of disaster studying in anthropology,and the main clue for dividing the disaster form.Based on the evolving process of problem consciousness and development of theoretical perspective,the paper proposed that the current type division of disaster should be on the basis of vulnerability discrimination,to discriminate the three forms of disasters of natural disaster,social changing calamity and social catastrophe on the basis of combining the natural and social causes,geographical frame,world pattern,special event and construction process,so as to more exactly advance the development of anthropological disaster research from the local view,approach of process theory and globality concerning for the aim of gaining a possible method of study localization.

关 键 词：灾难人类学 脆弱性辨析 灾难形态类型 本土化路径 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]