某铁矿特大采空区处理方案设计研究与应用  

Study and application of super-large goaf treatment scheme of an iron mine

作　　者：严成涛 韩强 伍耀斌 张青成 

机构地区：[1]金诚信矿业管理股份有限公司,北京100089

出　　处：《中国矿山工程》2016年第4期53-56,71,共5页China Mine Engineering

摘　　要：某铁矿露天坑挂帮矿前期采用分段空场法开采,在开采过程中形成了一个总体积超过120×10~4m^3的特大采空区。通过分析采空区处理的一般方法,结合采空区现场调查情况、地表允许塌陷以及下部采用无底柱分段崩落法开采的特点,选择爆破崩落法进行处理。经对比分析硐室爆破、扇形深孔爆破设计方案的优缺点,最终在F53断层附近采空区顶板薄弱地段,利用扇形炮孔微差爆破技术使采空区与地表贯通形成泄压天窗,使采空区逐步白行垮冒,垮落岩石充填空区作为下部无底柱分段崩落法覆盖层,不仅实现了采空区安全处理,并且最大限度地节约了成本。The sublevel open stope method was used in the nearby-slope orebody mining of an open pit in the previous period, and it formed a 120 × 10^4 m3 gob area. By analyzing the goaf treatment method, and combined with the situation of goal field, the characteristics of allowed surface collapse and its lower part using non-pillar sublevel caving, the blasting caving method was chosen. Through contrasting and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of chamber blasting and fan-shaped deep hole blasting, the millisecond blasting technique with fan-shaped holes was used to connect the goaf and the surface by forming a pressure relief skylight near F53 fault where has the weak roof, and made the goaf rock falling automatically, and the caving rocks as the covering layer of non-pillar sublevel caving. It not only achieved the safety of goaf treatment, but also saved the cost maximally.

关 键 词：空场法 崩落法 采空区处理 中深孔 微差爆破 硐室爆破 

分 类 号：TD853.391[矿业工程—金属矿开采]