配位剂对30CrMnSi合金钢化学镀镍磷合金的影响  

Effects of different complexants on electroless nickel–phosphorous alloy plating on 30CrMnSi alloy steel

作　　者：汪健健 李思燃 苏勋家 毕松 侯根良 吕湘毅 

机构地区：[1]火箭军工程大学,陕西西安710025 [2]火箭军指挥学院,湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2016年第16期834-838,共5页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51502341;51302312)

摘　　要：分别采用柠檬酸钠、苹果酸、乳酸和丁二酸作配位剂,在30CrMnSi合金钢上化学镀镍-磷合金。考察了配位剂种类及用量对沉积速率及所得镀层耐蚀性的影响。发现以苹果酸或丁二酸作配位剂时沉积速率较快,使用柠檬酸钠或苹果酸时所得镀层的耐蚀性较好。在此基础上选取苹果酸和柠檬酸钠进行复配,研究了二者含量对沉积速率以及镀层耐蚀性的影响,并确定最佳用量为:苹果酸12 g/L,柠檬酸钠16 g/L。此时沉积速率达22.54μm/h,所得镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液和5%(体积分数)H_2SO_4溶液中的腐蚀速率分别为0.019 g/(m^2·h)和0.014 g/(m^2·h)。通过扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪表征了镀层形貌和结构。结果表明,镀层均匀致密,磷含量为10.26%(质量分数),属于高磷镀层,呈典型的非晶态结构。A nickel-phosphorous alloy coating was prepared on 30CrMnSi alloy steel by electroless plating using sodium citrate, malic acid, lactic acid and succinic acid as complexant respectively. The effects of type and amount of complexant on deposition rate and corrosion resistance of the coating obtained were studied. It was found that the deposition rate is higher when malic acid or succinic acid is used as complexant while the corrosion resistance of the coating obtained with sodium citrate or malic acid is better. Malic acid and sodium citrate were then selected for combination and the effects of their contents on deposition rate and corrosion resistance of coating were studied. The optimal content was determined as 12 g/L for malic acid and 16 g/L for sodium citrate. The deposition rate reaches 22.54 μm/h under the said conditions, and the corrosion rate of the coating obtained is 0.019 g/（m^2·h） in 3.5% NaCl solution and 0.014 g/（m^2·h） in 5vo1% H2SO4 solution. The surface morphology and microstructure were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectroscope and X-ray diffractometer. The results showed that the coating has a uniform and compact surface with a phosphorus content up to 10.26wt%, which means that it is a high-phosphorus-content coating and has a typical amorphous structure.

关 键 词：合金钢 镍-磷合金 化学镀 配位剂 沉积速率 微观结构 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业] TQ630