Heritability of body weight and resistance to ammonia in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles  

作　　者：李文嘉 卢霞 栾生 罗坤 隋娟 孔杰 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Agriculture,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》2016年第5期1025-1033,共9页中国海洋湖沼学报（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA10A404);the Qingdao Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.Q51201403);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31302179,31172402);the 948 Project from the Ministry of Agriculture of China(No.2015-Z17);the Improved Agricultural Breeds Engineering Project of Shandong Province-the Taishan Scholar Program for seed industry "Multi-Tarits Selective Breeding of New Variety and Its Industrialization";the Fundamental Research Funds for the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(No.20603022013011)

摘　　要：Ammonia,toxic to aquaculture organisms,represents a potential problem in aquaculture systems,and the situation is exacerbated in closed and intensive shrimp farming operations,expecially for Litopenaeus vannamei.Assessing the potential for the genetic improvement of resistance to ammonia in L.vannamei requires knowledge of the genetic parameters of this trait.The heritability of resistance to ammonia was estimated using two descriptors in the present study:the survival time(ST) and the survival status at half lethal time(SS_(50)) for each individual under high ammonia challenge.The heritability of ST and SS_(50) were low(0.154 4±0.044 6 and 0.147 5±0.040 0,respectively),but they were both significantly different from zero(P<0.01).Moreover,these two estimates were basically the same and showed no significant differences from each other(P>0.05),suggesting that ST and SS_(50) could be used as suitable indicators for resistance to ammonia.There were also positive phenotypic and genetic correlation between resistance to ammonia and body weight,which means that resistance to ammonia can be enhanced by the improvement of husbandry practices that increase the body weight.The results from the present study suggest that the selection for higher body weight does not have any negative consequences for resistance to ammonia.In addition to quantitative genetics,tools from molecular genetics can be applied to selective breeding programs to improve the efficiency of selection for traits with low heritability.Ammonia, toxic to aquaculture organisms, represents a potential problem in aquaculture systems, and the situation is exacerbated in closed and intensive shrimp fanning operations, expecially for Litopenaeus vannamei. Assessing the potential for the genetic improvement of resistance to ammonia in L. vannamei requires knowledge of the genetic parameters of this trait. The heritability of resistance to ammonia was estimated using two descriptors in the present study： the survival time （ST） and the survival status at half lethal time （SS50） for each individual under high ammonia challenge. The heritability of ST and SS50 were low （0.154 ±0.044 6 and 0.147 5±0.040 0, respectively）, but they were both significantly different from zero （P〈0.01）. Moreover, these two estimates were basically the same and showed no significant differences from each other （P〉0.05）, suggesting that ST and SS50 could be used as suitable indicators for resistance to ammonia. There were also positive phenotypic and genetic correlation between resistance to ammonia and body weight, which means that resistance to ammonia can be enhanced by the improvement of husbandry practices that increase the body weight. The results from the present study suggest that the selection for higher body weight does not have any negative consequences for resistance to ammonia. In addition to quantitative genetics, tools from molecular genetics can be applied to selective breeding programs to improve the efficiency of selection for traits with low heritability.

关 键 词：Litopenaeus vannamei HERITABILITY resistance to ammonia body weight genetic correlation 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]