华南型黄瓜主要农艺性状遗传多样性评价  

Genetic Diversity Evaluation on Main Agronomic Traits in South China Ecotypic Cucumber

作　　者：史建磊[1,2] 陈先知 黄宗安[1] 王燕 王克磊[1] 徐坚 

机构地区：[1]温州科技职业学院农业与生物技术系,浙江温州325006 [2]温州市农业科学研究院/设施蔬菜工程技术研究中心,浙江温州325014

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第10期1914-1924,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：温州市科技计划项目(N20120001);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-25)

摘　　要：为研究华南型黄瓜的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,以69份黄瓜自交系为试材,对其24个主要农艺性状进行遗传变异、相关性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,不同农艺性状的变异系数为6.19%~73.89%,各性状至少与其他1个性状存在极显著或显著相关。选取累积贡献率为73.597%的前7个主成分,其包含的17个农艺性状是黄瓜种质评价的主要指标,其中14份材料综合表现较优（F〉1.5）。进一步系统聚类,可将黄瓜种质分为4类：第Ⅰ类下胚轴较长,第1雌花节位低,瓜呈短圆筒形、具点状黄色斑纹,可用于早熟品种选育;第Ⅱ类下胚轴和节间短、第1分枝节位低,叶片小,第1雌花节位较低,瓜小、具点状黄色斑纹,综合性状与近缘野生种接近,可用于早熟、稳产、抗逆品种的选育;第Ⅲ类下胚轴和节间长,瓜皮白绿、具点状白色斑纹,可用于白皮品种选育;第Ⅳ类节间长、主蔓粗、第1分枝节位高,叶片大,第1雌花节位高,瓜大、呈长圆筒形、具点状白色斑纹,可用于黄瓜高产育种。综合评价结果表明华南型黄瓜种质具有丰富的遗传多样性,适用于黄瓜优异资源的挖掘及品种选育。本研究结果为华南型黄瓜资源利用和新品种选育奠定了基础。To reveal the genetic diversity and relationship among South China ecotypic cucumber germplasms,24 agronomic traits were investigated with 69 inbred lines. The hereditary variation,correlation,principal component and cluster analysis based on genetic algorithm of these traits were executed. The results showed that the variation coefficient ranged from 6. 19% to 73. 89% of these agronomic traits,which had an extremely significant or significant correlation with at least one other trait. Considering the anterior 7 principal components which had an accumulated contribution rate of 73. 597%,14 inbred lines were found to have better comprehensive performance（ F 〉1. 5） in 17 main agronomic traits. These 69 inbred lines were classified into 4 clusters based on further systematic cluster analysis. Cluster I which was characterized by longer hypocotyl,low first female flower node,short cylindrical fruit with punctate yellow stripes,could be used for early maturing variety breeding. Cluster Ⅱ was characterized by short hypocotyl and internode,low first branching node,small leaves,lower first female flower node,small fruit with punctate yellow stripes,close to relative wild resources in comprehensive characters,and could be used for early maturing,stable yield and high resistance variety breeding. Cluster Ⅲ was characterized by long hypocotyl and internode,white green fruit with punctate white stripes,for white variety breeding. Cluster IV was characterized by long internode,thick main stem,high first branching node,large leaves,high first female flower node,long cylindrical fruit with punctate white stripes,for high yield variety breeding. These results showed that South China ecotypic cucumber germplasms possessed rich genetic diversity,which can promote the development of excellent resources and variety breeding. The results laid the foundation for the South China Ecotypic cucumber resource utilization and breeding of new varieties.

关 键 词：华南型黄瓜 农艺性状 聚类分析 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]