不同施氮水平下水稻田温室气体排放影响研究  

Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Paddy Field Under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Rates

作　　者：郑洁敏[1] 钟一铭[2] 戈长水[1] 杨京平[2] 王小鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院环境保护研究所,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第10期2020-2025,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61174089);浙江省杭州市发展改革委员会资助

摘　　要：氮肥施用量是影响农业生产过程中温室气体排放的重要因素。为探究合适的施氮量以保障水稻产量、提高氮肥利用率、减少温室气体排放,本研究在试验田设置6个施氮水平(0、75、150、225、300、375kg N·hm^(-2)),收集种植过程中主要农业温室气体甲烷(CH_4)和氧化亚氮(N_2O),计算排放总量、全球变暖潜能(GWP)及其与施氮水平和环境条件之间的相关性。结果表明,225 kg N·hm^(-2)的施氮水平下,水稻在保持较高产量的同时,相较于其他处理单位粮食产量下排放更少的GWP,每千克水稻产量排放GWP值为0.31 kg CO_2-eq(二氧化碳当量);N_2O排放总量随氮肥施用量增加而增加,CH_4排放总量随施氮量增加而减少,CH_4和N_2O排放高峰期分别集中在种植前期和中后期。本研究结果为杭州地区水稻种植合理施肥量提供了理论依据。Nitrogen fertilization rate was believed to produce great influence on greenhouse gas（ GHG） emission in paddy field. Thus,it is important and necessary for paddy field management to provide a suitable nitrogen fertilization rate to ensure rice yield and reduce GHG emission. In this study,six levels（ 0,75,150,225,300 and 375 kg N·hm^-2） of fertilizer application rates were designed to test the GHG emission flux by measuring methane（ CH4）,nitrous oxide（ N2O） emission flux and accumulation of global warming potential（ GWP）,meanwhile the correlation between GHG emission and environmental element was also analyzed. Results showed that 225 kg N·hm^（-2）fertilizer rate presented a relatively high rice yield and a low GWP emission with 0. 31 kg CO2- equivalent per kilogram rice yield. More nitrogen fertilization application resulted in more N2 O emission and less CH4 emission. CH4 and N2O emission peaks appeared at vegetative and ripening phase of rice growth period. This study provides a scientific basis for suitable nitrogen fertilization rate management at paddy field in Hangzhou.

关 键 词：温室气体 水稻田 氮肥 全球变暖潜能 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]