杉木多倍体变异苗诱导及倍性鉴定  

Polyploid Mutant Seedlings Induction and Ploidy Identification of Chinese Fir

作　　者：胡瑞阳[1] 段红静[1] 林华忠 吴博[1] 纳静[1] 方禄明 余小龙 孙宇涵[1] 李云[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院/林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室/北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室,北京100083 [2]福建省将乐国有林场,福建将乐353300

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第8期1491-1497,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家林业局重点项目(2012-06);国家"863"重点项目(2011AA100203);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13047)

摘　　要：为了探究秋水仙素处理对杉木萌动种子的诱变效应,以3种杉木种子为材料,用0.9%的秋水仙素溶液浸泡处理后播种,60d后统计变异苗得率并用流式细胞仪检测变异苗不同部位的细胞倍性。结果表明,经秋水仙素溶液浸泡处理后,3种来源的杉木种子变异苗得率差异显著,全同胞种子Z3#得率最高,为23.45%;3种来源的杉木种子经秋水仙素处理后所得的变异苗均表现为胚根短缩,下胚轴下部明显膨大。流式细胞仪检测表明,胚根部分57.2%的细胞为混倍体细胞,下胚轴下部42.04%的细胞为四倍体细胞,下胚轴中部四倍体细胞所占比例为9.15%,下胚轴上部和子叶部分的细胞均为二倍体细胞;秋水仙素溶液浸泡种子可诱导获得表型特征及细胞倍性发生明显变异的变异苗。本研究结果为进一步开展杉木同源多倍体新种质的创制奠定了基础。In order to study the mutagenic effect of colchicine on germinating Chinese fir seeds, three sources of Chinese fir seeds were soaked in 0.9% colchicine solution, and then the seeds were sowed. 60d later, the mutation rates of seedlings were calculated, and the cell ploidy in different fractions of mutant seedlings was detected with a flow cytometry instrument. Results showed that mutation rates were different among three sources of Chinese fir seeds soaked with colchicine solution, the highest mutant rate was 23.45% , from full sib Z3#. The mutant seedlings obtained from three sources of Chinese fir seeds all showed a shortened radicle and a significantly swelled hypocotyl. Ploidy detection shown that 57.2% cells from the radicle were aneuploid, 42.04% of the lower and 9.15% of middle fraction of the hypocotyl cells were tetraploid, and all the cells in the upper fraction of hypocotyl and in the total cotyledons were diploid. Seedlings with significantly mutated phenotypic traits and cell ploidy could be obtained by soaking seeds with colchicines solution. The research has laid a foundation for further studies on creating new homologous polyploidy germplasms of Chinese fir.

关 键 词：杉木 秋水仙素 多倍体细胞 变异苗 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]