开放住区与活力街道网络步行体系建设  

OPEN RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF URBAN PEDESTRIAN STREET SYSTEM

作　　者：孙彤宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城市建筑》2016年第22期47-51,共5页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"TOD模式下步行系统与城市公共空间及交通的耦合模型研究"(编号:51278344);国家自然科学基金项目"基于自组织理论的城市大街区步行模式空间拓扑模型研究"资助项目(编号:51578383)

摘　　要：中国城市经历了二十多年的快速发展,城市居住条件大为改善,住区建设也已形成较为固定的模式,即封闭式门禁小区模式,然而在居住者安于小区环境的优美和安全保障之外,大型社区缺乏街道生活、缺乏公共空间活力、交通拥堵、公共环境品质不高等一系列问题也越发受到广泛诟病。究竟住宅小区应不应该开放?未来理想居住模式应该怎样?本文从城市活力街道网络步行体系建设的角度,分析当代机动车主导的城市格局下的步行环境现状、针对城市道路的基础设施属性和社会属性分化等现象,阐述合理街区尺度、连续的城市肌理、公共空间节点网络、道路的步行友好性等要素对当代城市住区公共空间环境品质的重要作用,指出开放住区的建设不在于住宅小区是否有围墙,关键问题在于规划具有合理步行尺度的街道网络、创造具有连续性和活力的城市公共空间体系,以此为支撑形成小街区、密路网的开放住区,建立街道界面与步行路径的耦合关系,同时保留住宅街区内部的私密、半私密空间,展现未来以公交为导向的、低碳生态的、人性化的宜居住区规划结构模式。After two decades of rapid development in Chinese Cities, the living conditions have been greatly improved. And the residential construction has also formed a fixed pattern, namely gated community. Though the residents are satisfied with the quality, safety and nice landscape of courtyard in the compound, the lack of street life, the lack of vitality public life space, traffic congestion, inadequate quality of the public environment and so on, a number of issues are also increasingly widely criticized for the large-scale gated community. Whether the community should gated or un-gated？ what＇s the ideal pattern for future living？ These are the questions raised nowadays in the research field. This paper analyzes the existing urban pedestrian environment in the urban structure, which is dominated by motor traffic, and elaborates the importance of appropriate block size, continuity urban fabric, public space node network, and walkability etc. for the contemporary urban community. The paper explores that the key issue of open community is to create the walkable street network and the vitality urban public space system. With the dense street grid and smaller size blocks, and with the coupling relationship between streets and the buildings, we can create the ideal pattern of residential community that keeps privacy, safety and public street life altogether. And further more presents the urban planning pattern which is supported by the public transportation, low-carbon and ecological, vitality future residential community.

关 键 词：街道网络 城市肌理 街区尺度 城市公共空间 步行系统 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]