库湾营养盐循环对三峡库区营养盐输运的影响:以草堂河为例  

Effect of Nutrient Cycles in Tributaries on the Transport of Nutrient in the Three Gorge Reservoirs: A Case Study of Caotang River

作　　者：王晓彤[1] 罗光富[1] 操满 王雨春[3] 汪福顺[2] 邓兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第8期2957-2963,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07104-001);国家自然科学基金项目(41271519)

摘　　要：三峡水库蓄水后,库区众多支流下游形成库湾回水区,这些库湾回水区是库区水环境调整最为活跃的地区.为了探究支流库湾对于库区生源要素循环及物质通量的作用和意义,于2012年8月~2013年7月对草堂河库湾、相邻干流、支流上游水体中溶解态无机氮（DIN）、溶解态无机磷（DIP）、溶解态硅酸盐（DSi）的时空分布进行逐月现场观测.结果表明,草堂河库湾回水区营养盐的浓度与库区干流相近,二者的月变化趋势也高度一致.干流输入是库湾DIN、DIP、DSi的主要来源.草堂河库湾与干流连通性很好,干支流水体交换迅速且充分,其影响可到达库湾回水区的末端.春、夏季,干流输入的营养盐通过表层生产力在库湾截留,秋、冬季库湾中的营养盐释放并输送到干流.营养盐在库湾的这种循环过程,在一定程度上改变了库区干流不同季节营养盐输送的节律.库区支流库湾众多,其对干流物质通量的季节调配作用不容忽视.Backwater regions have been formed in the downstream of tributaries since the Three Gorge Reservoir（ TGR） was impounded,as the most influential area to the aquatic environment within the reservoir. In order to study the effects and significance of the backwater regions on the nutrient cycling and substance fluxes,dissolved inorganic nitrogen（ DIN）,dissolved inorganic phosphorus（ DIP）,dissolved silicon（ DSi） were monitored in situ in Caotang tributary backwater region,the adjacent mainstream and Caotang tributaries＇ upstream every month from August 2012 to July 2013. The results showed that the concentrations of DIN,DIP and DSi in Caotang tributary backwater region were similar to those in the mainstream,and the monthly variation tendency was very consistent with the mainstream Changjiang. DIN,DIP and DSi in the Caotang tributary were mainly originated from the mainstream. The influence of the mainstream water could extend to the upmost of the backwater region due to the good connection and rapid,sufficient water exchange between mainstream and tributary. Nutrients from the mainstream were retained and consumed by primary producers in the tributary during the growing seasons in spring and summer,while released back to the water during late autumn and winter. Nutrient cycling in the tributary could change the seasonal pattern of nutrient transportation. The mainstream nutrient fluxes could receive significant seasonal modification from the large numbers（ more than 40） of tributaries within the TGR domain.

关 键 词：三峡库区 草堂河 营养盐 分布特征 来源 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]