美洲红点鲑、白斑红点鲑及杂交后代遗传分析  

Genetic diversity of Salvelinus fominalis, S. leucomaenis and their hybrid offsprings

作　　者：谷伟[1] 郭媛[1] 户国[1] 孙鹏[1] 白庆利[1] 王炳谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2016年第7期48-55,共8页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201404)

摘　　要：以美洲红点鲑和白斑红点鲑双列杂交F1及其自交形成的4个群体为试验材料,利用7对微卫星引物分析遗传结构。结果表明,7对引物均表现良好多态性,可作4个群体遗传结构分析;各组合PIC平均值0.5079~0.6467,属高度多态性;有效等位基因数4.3688~5.5764;平均观测杂合度0.6857~0.7143,平均期望观测杂合度0.6290~0.8234,杂交组中杂合度高于双亲,均显示子代高遗传变异水平;4个群体中,美洲红点鲑纯繁群体（AA）和美白杂交群体（AB）间遗传距离最大（0.757343）,最小遗传距离（0.366335）。UPGMA系统树显示,美白杂交群体（AB）和白美杂交群体（BA）亲缘关系最近,与白斑红点鲑纯繁群体（BB）聚为一类,达到改良目的,为分子标记辅助选育奠定基础。We established diallel crosses between Salvelinus fominalis （AA） and S. leucomaenis （BB）, along with the self-breeding offsprings, and studied the genetic diversity of four populations. In this study, the genetic structure and diversity of these populations were studied with seven polymorphic microsatellite loci. The average number of effective alleles was from 4.3688 to 5.5764. The polymorphic information content （PIC） of Japanese strain ranged from 0.5079 to 0.6467. The observed heterozygosity varied from 0.6857 to 0.7143, and the expected heterozygosity was 0.6290-0.8234. The results indicated that the heterozygosity of hybrid offsrpings were higher than parents, showed a high level of genetic variability in the offspring of the crosses between Salvelinus fominalis and S. leucomaenis. The maximum Nei＇s genetic distance were between AA and AB among the four populations was 0.757343. At the same time, the minimum Nei＇s genetic distance between AA and AB was 0.366335. Results of UPGMA （unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means） showed that AB and BA strains had the closest relationship, meanwhile, clustered together with BB. This study could provide the theory basis for the artificial hybrid breeding and protection of sustainable germplasm resources for Salvelinus aquaculture.

关 键 词：美洲红点鲑 白斑红点鲑 微卫星标记 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]