配子选择法对玉米自交系QB506的遗传改良效果  

Genetic Improvement Effects of Maize Inbred Line QB506 by Gamete Selection Method

作　　者：陈建军[1,2] 陈泽辉 郭向阳 王安贵 祝云芳 兰琴英[1,2] 王安康 刘鹏飞 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省旱粮研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]德江县农牧科技局种子管理站,贵州德江565200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第8期1776-1781,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技厅农业攻关项目"优良热带玉米Suwan群体遗传潜势及种质改良创新研究"[黔科合NZ(2013)3004];贵州省农业科学院自主创新专项"贵州玉米育种核心种质的改良与创制"[黔农科院自主创新科研专项字(2014)006];贵州省农业科学院创新基金项目"玉米籽粒大小QTL初步定位"[黔农科合(创新基金)2011017]

摘　　要：为选育出抗逆性强及配合力高的玉米改良系，以4个优良玉米杂交种和优良玉米自交系PH6WC为供体分别改良优良玉米新品种金玉506的母本QB506，选育出一批优异的自交系。基于田间试验统计和SSR分子标记的遗传多样性分析5个供体对玉米自交系QR273改良效应。结果表明：产量高于对照金玉506（QB506×QR273）10％的测交组合为供体PH6WC、黔兴201和顺单6号所改良系组配的组合，改良效果明显。从146对引物中筛选出清晰稳定的引物42对，对32份供试材料同源性位点扩增，共检测到243个等位基因变异，每个点检测到等位基因数2～9个，平均5．8个，。每个位点的多态性信息量为0．2122～0．8836，平均为0．6883。供试自交系划为4个类群：第1类群包括QB506及其改良系、PH6WC和掖478，为Reid种质群；第Ⅱ类群为YA8201、M017、黄早四和18599；第Ⅲ类群丹340为旅大红骨群；第Ⅳ类群为QR273、QB48、QB2164、QB572、QB576和T32为Suwan类群。在选准供体的基础上改良玉米自交系，可提高育种效率。In order to breed a batch of new excellent maize inbred lines, four fine hybrids and inbred line PH6WC were used to improve the female parent QB506 of new variety Jinyu 506. The authors analyzed the improve effects of the five donors on inbred line QR273 by the methods of field experiment and statistics and SSR marker. Results： Yields of those combinationa ameliorated by PH6WC, Qianxin 201 and Shundan＇6 were 10 % higher than the control Jinyu.506 （ QBS06 × QR273 ）, it is an obvious improvement. According to SSR marker, 42 pairs distinct and stable primers were chosen from 146 to amplify homologous loci of 32 test materials. There were many variations detected on 243 alleles, on average, 5.8 alleles each locus, ranging from 2 to 9. The polymorphism information content amplitude of variation of all locus was from 0. 2122 to 0. 8836, the average was 0. 6883. Based on UPGMA and principal coordinate analysis, all of the tested inbred lines were divided into four groups： The first group was Reid germplasm, including QBS06 and its improved lines, PH6WC, Ye478. The second group was composed of YA8201, Mo17, Huangzaosi and 18599. Qundan 340 constituted the third Lvdahonggu germplasm group. The last group was Suwan germplasm, consisting of QR273, QB48, QB2164, QB572, QB576 and T32. There was a great way to enhance breeding efficiency by improving maize inbred lines based on correct tested materials.

关 键 词：玉米 供体 自交系 SSR标记 改良效果 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]