油菜秸秆翻埋还田对水稻秧苗生长及土壤性状的影响  

Effect of Rape Residue Incorporation on Rice Seedling Growth and Soil Properties

作　　者：黄晶[1] 王学春[1] 王红妮[1] 任品安 陶诗顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第8期1908-1912,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划重大项目"国家粮食丰产科技工程"(2013BAD07B13);绵阳市科技局项目(2015NZ0083);西南科技大学博士基金(14zx7158)

摘　　要：油菜秸秆翻埋还田引起后茬水稻僵苗的原因亟待明确。本研究通过大田试验分析了油菜秸秆翻埋还田(RI)、覆盖还田(RM)以及不还田(RR)处理下移栽秧苗生长发育情况及其与土壤水溶液pH、电导率与溶氧量变化的关系。结果表明:①RI降低了移栽水稻生长前期分蘖数、鲜重与干物质重,僵苗现象明显;②水稻移栽至晒田初期,RI相较于RM与RR处理,降低了土壤水溶液pH与溶氧量,增高了电导率;③不同处理间水稻有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重及产量没有显著性差异。油菜秸秆翻埋还田下土壤pH、电导率和溶氧量的变化可能是引起水稻僵苗的重要原因,但对水稻产量及其构成因素没有显著影响。This study aims to explore the factors which stunt the growth of rice seedlings after rape residue incorporation to paddies. Based on field experiment, the agronomic traits of rice seedlings after transplant and soil properties （ pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen） under rape residue incorporation were assessed and compared with those under residue mulch （RM） and residue remove （RR）. The rela- tionship between the agronomic traits of rice seedlings and soil properties also has been analyzed. Results showed that： （i） Residue incorpora- tion （RI） negatively affected tiller number, fresh weight and dry weight of rice seedlings compared to that under residue remove （RR） and residue mulch （RM） ; （ii） From the date of rice transplant to the early period of field drying, RI lowered soil pH and dissolved oxygen but in- creased electrical conductivity;（iii）There is no significant difference for effective panicle number, grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight and yield under different residue management. The results indicated that the change of soil properties may have important contribution to the adverse impact of rape residue incorporation on rice seedlings, but it did not show significant reduction on grain yield.

关 键 词：水稻僵苗 pH 电导率 溶氧量 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]