恒负载放电测量超级电容器静电容量的方法  

Capacitance measurement of supercapacitors based on discharge procedure with constant load

作　　者：冯建[1] 许峰[1] 李莉[1] 秦怡[1] 史小涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市计量测试技术研究院,上海201203

出　　处：《电子元件与材料》2016年第9期88-91,共4页Electronic Components And Materials

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(No.2015QK042)

摘　　要：介绍了一种基于恒负载放电的超级电容静电容量测量方法,在对应的电压区间内,分别利用瞬时容量和等效容量表示超级电容静电容量。在恒负载放电回路中利用四端分流器对超级电容放电状态进行采样测量,利用经典电路模型从复频域分析推导出电容容量与分流器电压间的对应关系,通过短时间间隔的任意两时刻电压可计算出超级电容瞬时容量,对瞬时容量在某一电压区间进行积分可得到超级电容等效容量。应用时域仿真对该方法进行了验证,仿真结果表明,在静电容量分别设定为常数、电容端电压的线性函数及二次函数时,测量误差均低于0.5%。对几款常见规格的超级电容器进行了实测实验,电容器瞬时容量与端电压近似线性关系。Method to measure capacitance of supercapacitors based on discharge procedure with constant load was proposed. The dynamic capacitance and equivalent capacitance were used to describe characteristic of supercapacitors. In the discharge procedure, current was sampled by a four-terminal DC shunt. Relationship between capacitance of supereapacitor and voltage across the shunt was obtained with frequency domain analysis. The dynamic capacitance was then calculated through two arbitrary shunt voltages with short time interval. And the equivalent capacitance within a certain voltage interval was obtained by integral method. Simulation results show that when the capacitance is set as a constant, as linear function of voltage and as quadratic function of voltage, the relative error of measurement is smaller than 0.5%. Also the actual measurements of several typical supercapacitors were carried on. Results show approximate linear relationship between the dynamic capacitance and terminal voltage.

关 键 词：超级电容器 静电容量 恒负载放电 等效容量 瞬时容量 测量 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]