民事自助行为的认定——以司法判决实证分析为视角  

The Identification of the Self-help Behavior in Civil Law—— From the Perspective of the Empirical Analysis on Judicial Decisions

作　　者：尹伟民[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2016年第9期93-100,共8页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目"民法精神与建设社会主义法治文化民本模式研究"(项目编号:14ZDC022)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：民事自助行为是私人通过强制手段对抗对方侵害,维护自己权益的纠纷解决方式,我国法律对此未予规定,司法实践中人民法院对其认定态度存在差异。民事自助行为认定的关键在于明确自助行为的构成要件,包括权利保护要件、情势要件、必要限度要件,而"事后及时请求公力救济"则是对自助行为的确认和保障程序。面对社会的现实需求,如果法无规定,势必造成实践认定标准的混乱。鉴于此,我国应将民事自助行为纳入未来民法的立法体系,同时在相关立法中对事后公力救济的具体途径做配套规定。The self-help behavior in civil law is a kind of private remedy, which is the civil subject against each other through private coercion in order to protect their own rights. There are no such rules in our country, the courts have different attitudes to the identification of the self-help behavior in civil law. The key of the identification is to confirm the constitutive requirements of the self-help behavior in civil law, which including right protection element, situation element and necessary limit element. The function of the ＂ex post facto public remedy＂ is to confirm the legality of the self-help behavior. Therefore the future Chinese Civil Code should include the self-help behavior and some suggestions are proposed.

关 键 词：民事自助行为 构成要件 必要限度 公力救济 

分 类 号：D913.1[政治法律—民商法学]