电焊工肺部检查异常率相关因素的研究  

Factors related to abnormality rate of welders' lung examination

作　　者：窦建瑞 蔡翔 程金霞 胡建平 周敏林[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225001 [2]南京军区南京总医院,江苏南京210002

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2016年第5期339-341,345,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：社会发展科技攻关项目(YZ2011103);江苏省卫生厅科研课题(Z201315)

摘　　要：目的探讨电焊工肺部检查异常率相关的影响因素,以便采取针对性干预措施。方法整群随机抽取辖区内4家909名电焊工人进行职业健康检查,同时检测4家企业电焊烟尘浓度,分析相关的影响因素。结果电焊工人肺部检查异常率为15.6%。肺部检查正常组和异常组的个人收入比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组在年龄、工龄、性别、吸烟及饮酒、文化程度之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肺部检查正常组和异常组的FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、X射线检查异常情况的比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。电焊工工人主诉以肌肉骨骼系统感觉异常最为多见,其次为呼吸系统症状。神经症状和自主感觉症状的阳性率异常组高于正常组(P<0.05)。结论电焊工肺部检查异常者可能出现神经系统自觉症状和心理自觉症状。Objective To investigate the affecting factors on abnormality rate of welders＇ lung examination By the welders＇ pneumoeoniosis sentinel surveillance, in order to provide evidence for preventive and curative strategy of preventing the occurrence of welders＇ pneumoconiosis. Methods Occupational health examinations were taken in 909 welders who were randomly selected from four factories in the local area. welding fume concentrations were detected in the four companies fore analysing relevant factors. Results The abnormality rate of lung examination was 15.6%. there was statistically significant differences of personal income between the lung examination normal group and the abnormal group （P〈0.05）, but no differences between of age, length of service, gender, smoking and alcohol consumption, education level （P〉0.05）. The differences of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, X-ray between the two groups were statistically significant （P〈0.01 ）. Welders complained mostly with the disorders of the musculoskeletal system, followed by respiratory symptoms. The positive rates of neurological symptoms and autonomic of the abnormal were higher than that of the normal （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Welders with abnormal lung examine may have the nervous system symptoms and the psychological symptoms.

关 键 词：电焊烟尘 肺功能 呼吸系统 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]