不同原油价格下重油加工工艺路线的选择  

SELECTION OF HEAVY OIL PROCESSING ROUTES AT VARIOUS PRICES OF CRUDE OILS

作　　者：曾宿主[1] 王琪[1] 李锐[1] 龙军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2016年第9期6-12,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：在35～100美元／bbl（1bbl≈159L）的国际油价下，针对阿曼原油、沙中原油、伊重原油、塔河原油的不同重油加工工艺路线（如浆态床渣油加氢、沸腾床渣油加氢、固定床渣油加氢、渣油焦化、溶剂脱沥青组合等）进行了经济效益分析。结果表明：在所研究的价格体系内，浆态床渣油加氢技术的经济效益明显优于沸嘴床渣油加氢技术；对于较劣质原油（如伊重原油），在原油价格高于80美元／bbl时，采用浆态床渣油加氢技术的经济效益超过常规原油固定床渣油加氢技术，随着浆态床渣油加氢技术的逐步完善与加工成本的降低，该技术在应对特别劣质的原料时具有很好的市场应用前景；在原油价格高于35美元／bbl时溶剂脱沥青组合技术的经济效益优于渣油焦化技术，对于缺少氢源、延迟焦化装置原料性质较好的企业，当原油价格低于55美元／bbl时，溶剂脱沥青组合技术有较好的市场应用前景；针对常规原油，当原油价格为45～80美元／bbl时，推荐采用固定床渣油加氢技术。The economic benefit analysis was made for several processing routes of Oman crude oil, Arab medium oil, Iranian heavy oil and Tahe crude oil at international oil price of $ 35-$100/bbl. The processing routes included slurry-bed, ebullated-bed, and fixed-bed residual oil hydroprocesses, delayed coking, and combination process with solvent deasphalting （SDA）. The results show that the economic benefit of the slurry-bed is superior to that of the ebullated-bed residual oil hydroprocesses based on the price system used in this article. When the price of crude oil is ahove $ 80[bbl, the economic benefit of the slurry-bed residual oil hydroprocess is better than that of the fixed-bed residual oil hydroprocess using conventional crude oil as feed. With the constant improvement of technology and reduction of pro- cessing cost, the slurry-bed residual oil hydroprocesses have good market prospects. When the price of crude oil is more than $ 35/bbl per barrel, the economic benefit of SDA combination process has an ad- vantage over the delayed coking. For the refineries which are lack of hydrogen source and have preferential raw materials for delayed coking, the SDA combination process is a good choice when the price of crude oil is less than $ 55/bbl. The fixed-bed residual oil hydroprocess is recommended when the price of conventional crude oil is between $ 45/bbl and $ 80/bbl.

关 键 词：浆态床 渣油加氢 沸腾床 固定床 溶剂脱沥青 延迟焦化 技术经济 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]