无纺布增强型PVDF/石墨烯复合吸油膜研究  

Studies on Nonwoven Fabric Reinforced PVDF/GE Oil-absorptive Composite Membrane

作　　者：张泰[1] 肖长发[1] 郝俊强 赵健[1] 凡祖伟[1] 陈凯凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室天津300387

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第9期1198-1205,共8页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(重点项目)(项目14JCZDJC37300)资助

摘　　要：以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为成膜聚合物,石墨烯(GE)、疏水二氧化硅为添加剂、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)为成孔剂、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,调制铸膜液,分别采用涂覆法和溶液相转化法(NIPS)在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-聚酰胺(PET-PA)无纺布表面构筑分离层,制备了PET-PA无纺布增强型PVDF/GE复合吸油膜(NR-PGM),分析并讨论了其形貌、疏水亲油性以及力学性能等.结果表明,NR-PGM具有疏水超亲油特性,其纯水渗透压可达0.14 MPa,对煤油、柴油的通量可达118.22、218.25 L/m2h;将其制成中空管状物,在负压作用下可实现连续油水分离,分离效率可达97%左右,经10次循环使用后分离效率仍可保持在95%左右.Nonwoven fabric reinforced poly （ vinylidene fluoride） （ PVDF）/graphene （ GE ） oil-absorptive composite membrane （NR-PGM） was prepared by a coating method. NR-PGM consisted of PVDF/GE separation layer and polyethylene terephthalate-polyamide nonwoven fabric matrix layer. Nonwoven fabric was pretreated by NaOH solution for better interface bonding,and PVDF/GE separation layer was obtained by non- solvent induced phase separation （NIPS） method with PVDF as the polymer matrix,hydrophobic SiO2and GE as additives, dioctyl phthalate （DOP） as the pore-forming agent, and dimethylacetamide （DMAe） as the solvent. Membrane characterization was conducted through SEM,water contact angle and oil contact angle, pore diameter distribution, mechanical strength, water entry pressure, oil flux and flux recovery rate. The results indicated that the NR-PGM exhibited hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. SEM images indicated that the dense mierovoids were uniformly distributed on the top surface of separation layer, and the cross section of separation layer had an asymmetrical structure that consisted of finger-like pore structures on the top and sponge-like pore structures on the buttom. Moreover, the average pore diameter was about 340 nm, water contact angle was up to 95.4° and oil contact angle was nearly 0° ,water entery pressure was up to 0. 14 MPa, and the kerosene and diesel oil flux reached 118.22 and 218.25 L/mZh. NR-PGM was competent for continuous oil/water separation through vacuum pressure. At first, the oil/water separation efficiency was nearly 97%. After being used for 10 times,the oil/water separation efficiency remained about 95%.

关 键 词：聚偏氟乙烯 石墨烯 疏水亲油 连续油水分离 

分 类 号：TQ051.893[化学工程]