中国劳动收入份额变动:技术偏向抑或市场扭曲  

Chinese Labor Income Share Changes: Technique Bias or Market Distortions

作　　者：章上峰[1] 陆雪琴 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学统计与数学学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江财经大学财政税务学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《经济学家》2016年第9期15-24,共10页Economist

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"外生突发性冲击对宏观经济运行的影响及对策研究"(71403247);国家社会科学基金"城乡共享发展成果的统计测度研究"(16ATJ002);浙江省高校人文社科重点研究基地(统计学;应用经济学)项目

摘　　要：本文将CES生产函数模型估计得到的劳动产出弹性作为技术偏向的代理变量,把劳动收入份额分解成技术偏向和市场扭曲两个因素,并计算它们对劳动收入份额变动的贡献率。实证结果显示,技术偏向并不是中国劳动收入份额下降的原因,反而对劳动收入份额有正向影响,导致中国劳动收入份额下降的原因是技术偏向之外的市场扭曲因素。因此,调整劳动收入份额的政策措施要从市场扭曲方面入手,具体政策措施包括减少国有企业行政垄断、加快要素价格市场化改革、平等企业间税费补贴、提高劳动者技能和提高工会保护工人权益作用等。This paper uses the labor output elasticity estimated by the production function model as a technique-based proxy variable, diversifies labor income share into technique-based factors and market distortion factors, and calculates their contribution rates of changes in labor income share. The empirical results show that technique bias is not the reason that causes the decrease in Chinese labor income share, on the contrary, it has positive impact on Chinese labor income share. Actually, the true reason that causes the decrease of Chinese labor income share is market distortion but not technique bias. Therefore, using policy measures to adjust labor income share should start from market distortion. Specific policy measures include decreasing state-owned enterprises＇ monopoly, accelerating the marketization of factor prices, equaling tax and fee supplies for different enterprises, rising labor skills and enhancing the role of trade unions to protect workers＇ rights.

关 键 词：劳动收入份额 劳动产出弹性 CES生产函数 技术偏向 市场扭曲 

分 类 号：F014.4[经济管理—政治经济学]