残膜对土壤水分入渗的影响及入渗模型适用性分析  

Effects of Residual Plastic Film on Water Infiltration and Applicability Analysis of Infiltration Models

作　　者：邹小阳[1,2] 牛文全[1,3] 许健[3] 张明智[4] 李元[3] 官雅辉 

机构地区：[1]中科院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [4]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第9期1-7,12,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家支撑计划课题(2015BAD24B01);国家自然科学基金项目(51379024)

摘　　要：为研究不同残膜量对土壤水分入渗的影响,通过室内土箱模拟试验,研究了滴灌条件下6个残膜添加量(0、80、160、320、640和1 280 kg/hm2)处理分别对土壤入渗率、湿润锋运移距离及水分分布的影响,比较了Kostiakov模型、Philip模型和Green-Ampt模型对含残膜土壤水分入渗过程的适用性。结果表明,残膜延长了土壤水分入渗时间,入渗至45 cm土层深度时入渗历时随残膜量增加而增大;入渗一定时间,含残膜的入渗曲线与无残膜曲线分离,分离时间随残膜量增加而提前,分离时间与残膜量之间呈对数函数减小;Kostiakov模型更适合模拟含残膜土壤的入渗过程;湿润锋运移距离与入渗时间呈幂函数增长关系,但湿润锋运移距离随残膜量增加而递减;随残膜量增加,作物适宜生长区和水分分布重心逐渐上移。残膜对土壤水分入渗有较大不利影响,其影响程度随残膜量增加而增大。In order to explore the effects of different residual plastic film quantities in soil on water infiltration, the applicability of Kostiakov model, Philip model and Green-Ampt model to simulate the water infiltration pro- cess in soil containing residual plastic film was compared. Six residual plastic treatments （ 0, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1 280 kg/hm2） were conducted to investigate the influences of different residual plastic film quantities on soil in- filtration rate, wetting front moving distance and water distribution under drip irrigation through indoor soil box simulation experiment method. The results indicated that residual plastic film prolonged infiltration time, and the consuming time that water infiltrated to 45 cm increased with increase of residual plastic film. The infiltration rate curve of treatments containing residual plastic film would separate with TO treatment when water infiltrated to a certain depth. Separated time was shortened and logarithmically decreased. Compared with Philip model and Green-Ampt model, Kostiakov infiltration model was more suitable to simulate the process of water infiltration in soil containing residual plastic film. Wetting front moving distance increased exponentially with the prolonging of infiltration time, while there was a negative correlation between wetting front moving distance and accumula- tive quantities of residual plastic film. Residual plastic film had an adverse effect on the process of soil water infil- tration, which the disadvantageous effect would aggravate with the increment of residual plastic film.

关 键 词：滴灌 土壤 残膜 水分入渗:入渗模型 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S152.7[农业科学—农业工程]