灌水器埋深对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响  

Transport Characteristics of Water and Nitrogen under Bubbled-root Irrigation with Buried Depth of Emitter

作　　者：刘显[1] 费良军[1] 王博[1] 刘扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第9期20-25,39,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279157;51479161);国家农业公益项目(201203003-1)

摘　　要：为了提高涌泉根灌水肥的利用效率,采用大田入渗试验,探究了不同灌水器埋深条件下涌泉根灌土壤湿润锋运移、土壤水分及氮素分布的规律。结果表明,不同灌水器埋深对湿润锋运移距离以及扩散速率均具有较大的影响。随着灌水器埋深的增加,水平最大湿润峰和垂直湿润峰运移距离均呈递减趋势;湿润锋运移距离与入渗时间有显著的幂函数关系。灌水结束后,在灌水器处铵态氮及硝态氮量最高,距离灌水器越远,氮素量越低;随着再分布进行,铵态氮量逐渐升高,而硝态氮量逐渐降低。To improve the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of bubbled-root irrigation, the field infiltration experiment was conducted to explore the bubbled-root irrigation wetting front movement and soil moisture and nitrogen distribution rules at different emitter burial deep criteria. The result showed that different emitter depths had greater effects on the wetting front transport distance and the diffusion rate. With the increase of the emitter depth, the maximum horizontal and vertical wetting front transport distances showed a decreasing trend; wetting front transport distance and infiltration time had an obvious power function relationship. After irrigation, the amount of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the highest near the emitter, and the farther from the emitter the lower the amount of nitrogen; after the redistribution, the amount of ammonium nitrogen increased gradually, and nitrate nitrogen decreased gradually.

关 键 词：涌泉根灌 灌水器埋深 湿润体 水氮运移 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]