基于机械淘洗的活性初沉池碳源转化与回收评价  

Assessment of Carbon Source Conversion and Recovery in Activated Primary Tank with Mechanical Elutriation

作　　者：李秀芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州工业职业技术学院建筑工程学院,江苏徐州221140

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2016年第17期11-16,共6页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：针对我国污水处理厂进水碳氮比值失调、初沉池中颗粒态碳源流失严重导致生物系统脱氮除磷碳源不足的问题,开展了传统初沉池运行效果评价与活性初沉池碳源转化回收技术研究。结果表明,传统初沉池对COD的去除率达到40.49%,其中对颗粒态COD的去除率更是高达56.27%,初沉池中大量碳源的无效流失导致生物系统进水碳氮比值与碳磷比值明显降低。而在活性初沉池中试系统中,由于大量污泥在池底部长期积累,有利于水解发酵细菌的繁殖与富集。高通量测序分析结果显示,Proteobacteria(34.17%)、Bacteroidetes(22.22%)、Chloroflexi(13.29%)是活性初沉池系统中的优势种群。活性初沉池系统使初沉污泥中微生物种群结构发生了显著的变化,而这种变化有利于初沉污泥水解发酵的进行。通过微生物的水解发酵及机械搅拌单元的淘洗作用,活性初沉池出水SCOD与VFAs可分别增加51.7 mg/L和18.8 mg/L,经过活性初沉池后污水的SCOD/TN值和SCOD/TP值可分别提高40.9%和41.8%。活性初沉池系统可有效减少污水中碳源流失,实现对颗粒态碳源的原位转化与回收。The insufficient carbon source for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment plants was resulted by the imbalance in C/N ratio in influent and loss of particulate carbon source in primary sedimentation tank. In order to solve this problem, the operation of traditional primary sedimentation tank was evaluated, and the study on carbon source conversion and recovery in ac- tivated primary tank was conducted. The results showed that the removal rate of COD in traditional prima- ry sedimentation tank was 40.49% , and the removal rate of particulate COD was 56.27%. The invalid loss of a large amount of carbon source in primary sedimentation tank caused significant decrease of C/N ratio and C/P ratio in the influent of the biological system. The long-term accumulation of a lot of sludge in the bottom of the activated primary tank was beneficial for the breeding and enrichment of fermentative bacteria. The high-throughput sequencing results revealed that Proteobacteria （34.17%）, Bacteroidetes （22.22%） and Chloroflexi （13.29%） were the three dominant species in the activated primary tank. The overall distribution of microbial communities was significantly changed by the activated primary tank process, and the change in the microbial community was beneficial for the hydrolysis and fermentation of primary sludge. SCOD and VFAs in activated primary tank increased by 51.7 mg/L and 18.8 mg/L through the hydrolysis and fermentation of microorganisms and elutriation of mechanical stirring unit.Compared with the influent, SCOD/TN and SCOD/TP in the effluent of activated primary tank increased by 40.9% and 41.8%, respectively. The activated primary tank could decrease the loss of carbon source in wastewater and achieve in-situ conversion and recovery of particulate carbon source.

关 键 词：活性初沉池 机械淘洗 碳源回收 微生物种群 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]