油茶果实性状、养分含量和产油量对磷水平的响应  

Fruit traits, nutrient content and oil content of Camellia oleifera in response to phosphorus levels

作　　者：罗汉东 王华[1] 付艳秋[2] 朱丛飞 罗玉娇[1] 陈言柳 杨品超 胡冬南[1] 郭晓敏[1] 牛德奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院/江西省森林培育重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]赤峰市农牧业局农牧业综合行政执法支队,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2016年第4期898-903,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(Jiangxi-29);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B14);国家自然科学基金项目(31360177);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC11B06);江西春源绿色食品有限公司项目

摘　　要：为了探索施磷量对油茶果实性状、养分含量和产油量的影响,确定适宜的磷肥施入量,本研究设置了5个磷肥水平,以赣无性系油茶作为试验材料,在江西玉山县开展单因素磷肥试验。结果表明,赣无性系的油茶果形指数、单果质量、干出籽率、干出仁率、籽仁出油率、鲜果含油率、单株产油量和果实养分含量都随施磷量的提高而出现先增大后减小的现象,P3处理(单株年施磷量47.15 g/kg)时达到最大值;鲜果含水率随施磷量的提高而出现先减小后增大的现象,P3处理时达到最小值;施磷能显著提高单株鲜果产量,并随施磷量的提高呈递增趋势。通过拟合磷肥施入量与单株产油量的响应曲线,确定了赣无性系油茶经济效益最高的钙镁磷肥用量为每株1.00 kg。To determine the optimal application rate of phosphorus for Camellia oleifera,a single-factor experiment was carried out with five phosphate levels in Jiangxi province,and fruit traits,nutrient content and oil production were measured. The fruit shape index,fruit weight,dry seed rate,kernel rate,the oil rate of kernel and fruit,oil yield per plant and fruit nutrient levels increased with the application of phosphorus,peaked at phosphorus level of 47. 15 kg / hm^2,and fell afterwards. The change of fruit water content was quite the opposite,reaching its minimum at phosphorus level of 47. 15 kg / hm^2. Increased application rates of phosphorus resulted in the improved production of fresh fruit per plant. By fitting the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and oil production per plant,the optimal phosphorus application rate was determined to be 1. 00 kg per plant to achieve the highest economic benefits.

关 键 词：油茶 磷肥水平 果实性状 产量 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]