儿童及青年脑干言语编码能力的性别差异  

The sex difference of speech evoked auditory brainstem responses in children and young adults

作　　者：刘锦峰[1] 付欣[1] 王丹[1,2] 李晓婷[1] 王宁宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,首都医科大学耳鼻咽喉科学院,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室,首都医科大学,100020 [2]航天中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2016年第8期583-588,共6页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81271090/H1304）;北京市教委科技计划重点项目（KZ201410025027）;首都医科大学耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室开放课题基金（2012EBYH02）

摘　　要：目的 探讨儿童与青年脑干言语编码能力的性别差异.方法 对纯音听阈、声导抗、耳声发射和短声诱发听性脑干反应（click-ABR）测试结果均正常的56名青年人（男29名,女27名,年龄20-34岁）和经过年龄匹配的24名学龄期儿童（男、女各12名,年龄6-12岁）进行言语诱发听性脑干反应（speech-ABR）测试.speech-ABR测试采用插入式耳机,右耳给声,刺激声为/da/音.结果 ①女青年speech-ABR瞬态成分（V波、A波和O波）及周期成分（D波、E波和F波）的潜伏期均显著短于男青年（P值均＜0.05）;除0波反应幅值（绝对值,下同）差异无统计学意义外（P＞0.05）,女青年其余各波（V波、A波、D波、E波及F波）反应幅值均高于男青年（P值均＜0.05）;女青年V/A复合波的斜率（绝对值,下同）也大于男青年[（-0.43 ±0.13）μV/ms vs（-0.25±0.08）μV/ms,P＜0.01].②男、女童speech-ABR的瞬态成分（V波、A波及O波）及周期成分（D波、E波及F波）的潜伏期及幅值差异均无统计学意义（P值均＞0.05）;女童V/A复合波的斜率大于男童,差异具有统计学意义[（-0.46 ±0.12）μV/ms vs（-0.35±0.15）μV/ms,P＜0.05].③男青年与男童相比,除E波外（P＞0.05）,男青年speech-ABR的瞬态成分（V波、A波及O波）及周期成分（D波及F波）的潜伏期均较男童有明显延迟,差异具有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）;男青年的A波、D波及F波与男童相比,幅值降低（P值均＜0.05）,而V波、O波和E波的幅值并无明显降低（P值均＞0.05）;此外,男童的V/A复合波的斜度明显大于男青年（P＜0.05）.④女童与女青年speech-ABR的潜伏期及波幅接近,差异无统计学意义（P值均＞0.05）;二者V/A复合波的斜率差异也无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 女青年听觉脑干对言语编码的同步性及锁相能力优于男青年,而在学龄期儿童中却未显示出这种性别差异.女青年与女童的脑干言语编码�Objective The aim of this study was to compare the sex difference of the speech-ABR in young adults and school age children. Methods Speech-ABR of eighty normal hearing subjects including twenty four school-age children（ 12 girls and boys, age from 6 to 12 years old） and fifty six young adults （ male 29, female 27, age from 20 to 34 years old） were recorded. The speech syllable/da/ as stimulus sound was transmitted to right ear by insert earphones in speech-ABR test. Results ① Females had a shorter latency than males in transient response （waves V, A and O） and sustained response （waves D, E and F） of speech-ABR （P 〈0. 05, respectively）. The amplitudes of transient response （waves V and A） and sustained response （waves D, E and F） in females were also significantly larger than those in males （P 〈0. 05, respectively） , except for amplitude of peak O （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The V/A slope in females was significantly steeper than that in males[ （ -0.43±0. 13）vs（ -0.25 ±0.08） ,P 〈0.01 ]. ②The amplitude and latency of speech-ABR in transient response （waves V, A and O） and sustained response （waves D, E and F） were not significantly different between boys and girls. Only the V/A slope in girls was significantly steeper than that in boys [ （ -0. 46±0. 12）vs（ -0. 35 ±0. 15） ,P 〈0. 05]. ③The latency of speech-ABR was significantly prolonged in young men when compared with boys in both transient response （waves V, A and O） （P 〈 0.05, respectively） and sustained response （waves D and F, P 〈 0.05, respectively）, except for wave E （P 〉 0. 05）. The amplitude of speech-ABR showed a statistically significant decrease （P 〈 0. 05, respectively） only in wave A, D and F. Contrarily, the decrease in response amplitudes of waves V, E and O were not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05, respectively）. The V/A slope was steeper in boys than in young men, which was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. ④In girls and young wom

关 键 词：言语 诱发电位 听觉 脑干 性别因素 成人 儿童 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]