太阳能中空纤维空气隙膜蒸馏海水淡化性能研究  

Air gap membrane distillation process based on hollow fiber powered by solar energy for seawater desalination

作　　者：薛喜东 王建友[1] 刘红斌[2] 张振辉[1] 杨建鑫[1] 王济虎[2] 李卜义 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所,天津300161

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2016年第4期126-133,共8页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市科技兴海专项资金项目(KJXH2013-02);天津市科技特派员项目(14KJTPJC00481)

摘　　要：设计了一种小型太阳能膜蒸馏海水淡化系统,采用自主设计的螺旋缠绕式中空纤维空气隙膜蒸馏组件(SW-AGMD-HF)作为核心的膜蒸馏(MD)单元.以TDS(总可溶固体物)为35 000mg/L的模拟海水为原水,考察冷热水流量、膜组件启动温度和天气对太阳能膜蒸馏系统产水的影响.结果表明,在太阳辐照量一定的条件下,产水量随进水流量的增大而减小,膜组件启动温度的高低则对产水量无显著影响,日照条件是产水量的最显著影响因素.以上实验条件对产水电导率均无显著影响.在夏季晴朗的天气下,太阳能集热器日平均集热效率约为30%;当集热面积为15m2,膜面积为1.56m2,冷热水流量为90L/h;膜组件启动温度为50℃时,最高日产水量为44.3L,产水电导率始终低于50μS/cm,SW-AGMD-HF装置的脱盐率为99.9%.太阳能膜蒸馏充分利用了太阳能作为能源,运行稳定,产水水质好,有望成为一种新型的海水及苦咸水淡化技术,为小型海岛和偏远地区提供可靠的饮用水.A small solar membrane distillation seawater desalination system was designed, and a spiralwound air-gap membrane distillation module based on hollow fiber （SW-AGMDHF） was used as the core unit. The effects of water flow rate, start-up temperature of membrane distillation and weather on this distillation system were studied with a mass fraction 3. 5% modeling seawater as the feed. The experimental results showed that water production would decrease as the higher feed rate was applied, the start-up temperature showed a slight influence on water production, while weather had a great influence on water production. All those factors had little effects on the conductivity of water production. The average daily efficiency of solar collector was 30% on sunny in summer. When the collector area was 15 m2, membrane area was 1.56 m2 , hot water flow rate was 90 L/h, start-up temperature was 50 ℃, the highest water production was 44. 3 L/d, the ion removal rate reached 99. 9%. Consequently, solar membrane distillation has the full advantages of solar energy, the quality of water production is perfect, it is expected to become a new type of water desalination technology for seawater or brackish water, which can provide reliable drinking water for small islands or remote areas.

关 键 词：太阳能 空气隙膜蒸馏 中空纤维膜组件 海水淡化 

分 类 号：TQ051.893[化学工程] P747[天文地球—海洋科学]