薄荷的生境适宜性区划及品质区划研究  

Habitat suitability and quality division of Mentha haplocalyx

作　　者：邵扬[1] 叶丹[1] 欧阳臻[1] 黄璐琦[2] 彭华胜[3] 张小波[2] 朱寿东[2] 于一凡[1] 蒋芳蓉 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学药学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [3]安徽中医药大学药学院,安徽合肥230031 [4]江苏大学京江学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2016年第17期3169-3175,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(20603020203);江苏大学第十三批学生科研立项一般项目(13A157);江苏大学第十四批学生科研立项项目(14A044);江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划立项项目(201513986011X)

摘　　要：利用最大熵模型(Max Ent)与地理信息系统(Arc GIS),结合生态因子数据、薄荷地理分布数据、薄荷挥发油含量数据,建立薄荷挥发油与生态环境因子之间的关系模型,进行我国薄荷药材品质区划研究。研究结果表明,影响薄荷分布的主要生态因子为年均降水量(45.87%)、最湿季平均温(11.92%)、最暖季平均温(7.84%)、5月平均温(6.80%)、温度季节性变化的标准差(4.42%)、最冷季平均温(3.47%)、海拔(2.92%)。最适宜薄荷生长的生态特征为:年均降水量在[530,1 465]mm、最湿季平均温在[24.5,29]℃,最暖季平均温均在[25.5,29]℃、5月平均降水量(prec 5)在[67,133]mm、温度季节性变化的标准差在[8 333,9 643]、最冷季平均温为[1.7,8.3]℃、海拔为[0,165]mm。薄荷品质最佳区域主要集中分布在江苏东部及西南部、安徽中部、山东东部、浙江北部、黑龙江中东部等地区。该研究结果与江苏、安徽等地为薄荷的主产区,其中江苏太仓为薄荷的道地产区,安徽太和县是全国最大的薄荷生产基地的实际情况相吻合。该区划研究为更好地指导薄荷人工种植和生产提供科学依据。In this study, ecological factors, occurrence records, the essential oil components content were used to predict the poten- tial geographical distribution and quality division of Mentha haplocalyx in China based on the MaxEnt modeling and geographic informa- tion system（GIS）. The AUC of ROC curve was above 0. 950, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that the main environmental factors determining the potential distribution were annual average precipitation （ the contribution rate, 45.87 % ）, mean temperature of wettest quarter （ 11.92% ）, mean temperature of warmest quarter （7.84%）, average monthly precipitation of May （6. 80% ）, standard deviation of seasonal temperature variation （4. 42% ）, mean temperature of the coldest quarter （3.47%） and altitude （2. 92% ）. The environmental variables in the highly potential areas were determined as an- nual average precipitation around [ 530,1 4651 mm, mean temperature of wettest quarter around [ 24. 5,291 ℃, mean temperature ofthe warmest quarter around [ 25.5,29 ]℃, average monthly precipitation of May around [ 67,133 ] mm, standard deviation of temper- ature seasonal change around [8 333,9 643], mean temperature of the coldest quarter around [ 1.7,8.3] ℃ and the altitude around [0,165] mm. The best quality distribution of M. haplocalyx was mainly located in Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Zhejiang and Hei- longjiang. The zoning results basically coincide with the actual situation. The quality division of M. haplocalyx can be used for provi- ding a scientific basis for selection of artificial planting base and guidance of its production.

关 键 词：薄荷 最大熵模型 地理信息系统 生境适宜度 品质区划 

分 类 号：S567.235[农业科学—中草药栽培]