生物化学品制线性α-烯烃催化技术研究进展  

Advances in catalytic conversion of biochemical to linear a-olefins

作　　者：王建强[1] 张荆清[1] 包莉鸿[1] 许中强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司上海石油化工研究院,上海201208

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第9期2746-2751,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：乙烯齐聚法因工艺简单、技术成熟等优点成为线性α-烯烃的主流方法,但该方法受限于乙烯原料,且已被世界石油巨头所垄断。本文介绍了从生物化学品出发制备线性α-烯烃的物质来源和可行的技术路线,简述了可用于生产线性α-烯烃的物质来源,包括高级脂肪酸酯、高级脂肪酸和高级脂肪醇等,分析了可行的催化转化技术路线,如内烯烃及不饱和脂肪酸交叉歧化、脂肪族羧酸催化脱羧、生物内酯和不饱和酸转化、不饱和脂肪酸两步法、甲基辛基醚分解、脂肪醇脱水、混合线性辛烯和/或线性辛醇制1-辛烯工艺等国内外新技术,指出利用生物化学品生产α-烯烃已经成为生物质转化中一个积极的方向,开发高效的催化剂及其工艺是该技术的研究重点。Ethylene oligomerization became the main method for the production of linear a-olefins due to its advantage of simplicity and mature technology. However,this method is limited to the feedstock of ethylene,and monopolized by international oil giants. This paper discusses some possible substitute routes to linear α-olefins;describes briefly its material sources from biochemicals,including fatty acid ester,aliphatic acid and higher fatty alcohol;and analyses the possible technical routes for catalytic conversion of biochemical to α-olefins,such as cross metathesis of linear internal olefins and unsaturated fatty acid,catalytic decarboxylation of aliphatic acid,decarboxylation of lactone in combination with conversion of unsaturated fatty acid,two-step processes for the production of two alpha olefins from oleic acid,catalytically cleaving methyl-octyl ether,dehydration of aliphatic fatty alcohols,conversion of mixed linear octenes and/or octanols. It is pointed out that production of α-olefins from biochemicals is advantageous due to the significant advances in biomass conversion and the technical routes through catalytic conversion. It is proposed that future research emphasis should be placed on development of highly efficient catalysts and their suitable processes.

关 键 词：生物质 生物化学品 Α-烯烃 微生物工程 

分 类 号：TQ203.4[化学工程—有机化工]