烟草根际解磷解钾菌的筛选鉴定及应用效果研究  

Screening,Identification of Phosphate-and Potassium-solubilizing PGPR and Its Promoting Effect on Tobacco

作　　者：万兵兵[1,2] 刘晔[1] 吴越 刘世亮[1] 王国文[1] 张东艳[1] 姜瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [3]山东省土壤肥料总站,山东济南250100

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第9期46-51,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41401274);河南省烟草公司重点项目(HYKJ201215);河南省教育厅项目(15A210012;14B210025);河南省科技厅项目(162102410031);郑州市民生进步科技工程项目(131PCXTD613)

摘　　要：为了解决植烟区土壤及烟草磷、钾缺乏问题,从长势较好的烟草根际土壤中筛选解磷解钾菌株,并对其进行鉴定。结果表明,从长势较好的烟草根际土壤中筛选出一株高效解磷解钾菌株YC4,其对无机磷、难溶性钾的溶解量分别达到286.33、17.90 mg/L。经形态观察、生理生化特性测定及16S r DNA序列分析确定该菌株为弯曲芽孢杆菌(Bacillus flexus)。盆栽试验结果表明,接种该菌株的盆栽土壤有效磷、有效钾含量分别比未接种该菌株处理(对照)提高了6.81%、4.72%;接种菌株处理烟草根总长、根总表面积、根总体积和根尖总数分别较对照显著提高45.33%、55.96%、78.00%、28.30%,鲜质量约为对照的2倍,株高增幅达21.03%,干质量、SPAD值及植株的磷、钾含量分别较对照提高91.55%、14.03%、18.29%、29.57%。综上,该菌株可提高植烟区土壤有效磷、有效钾含量,促进烟草生长。Some phosphorus- and potassium-solubilizing PGPR strains were isolated from tobacco rhizosphere soil and identified to solve the problem of lack of phosphorus and potassium in tobacco planting soil. The results showed that YC4 strain isolated from tobacco rhizosphere soil could transform the hard-soluble phosphorus and potassium into the soluble nutrients,the transformation amounts of tricalcium phosphate and potassium silicate were 286. 33 mg / L,17. 90 mg / L respectively. YC4 strain was identified as Bacillus flexus based on morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characteristics test and 16 S r DNA gene conserved sequence analysis. Pot experiment results showed that compared with the non-inoculated treatment（ CK）,the concentrations of available phosphorous and potassium of the treatment inoculated with YC4 significantly increased by 6. 81%,4. 72% respectively,which led to the root length,surface area,root volumes,root tips number of tobacco increased by 45. 33%,55. 96%,78. 00% and 28. 30%,respectively. With respect to plant morphological characteristics,the average wet weight was 2 times higher than the CK,and height of tobacco inoculated with YC4 significantly increased by 21. 03%; the dry weight and SPAD value significantly increased by 91. 55% and 14. 03%respectively,and the total P and total K contents of tobacco significantly increased by 18. 29% and29. 57%,respectively. Overall,YC4 strain could improve the contents of total P and total K in soil,promote the growth of tobacco.

关 键 词：根际促生菌 解磷解钾菌 烟草生长 

分 类 号：S154.39[农业科学—土壤学] S572[农业科学—农业基础科学]